Protection Agency , requirements, Environmental

EPA (2001) Environmental Protection Agency. Requirements for quality assurance project plans for environmental data operations (EPA QA R/5)... 

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency requires that MTBE or other oxygenates be added to gasoline in certain areas of the U.S. during the winter to reduce emissions of carbon monoxide. 

But from the government s perspective, there is a history of disingenuousness on the part of the auto industry. Here I am thinking of the CAFE standards, and the claims by industry that these and other Environmental Protection Agency requirements were impossible to meet, which were proved in many instances to not be the case. So my general question is, have some of these mismatches and problems in perception and trust between you and government bureaucracy gotten better as a result of more collaboration in R D ... 

Now, as mentioned, a held survey has a very serious drawback the length of the survey is very short. Any survey will not last for 30 years, for example. Nonetheless, a held survey can still be accurate compared with other methods of determining design hows. It is to be noted that before any grant for the construction of sewage facilihes was given to any community as required by the Clean Water Act of 1972, the Environmental Protection Agency required a held survey. 

The US Environmental Protection Agency requires that discharges, spills, or accidental release of 100 pounds or more of methyl mercaptan must be reported. Occupational Safety and Health Administration has set a permissible exposure limit of 20 mg of methyl mercaptan per cubic meter of air (20mgm ) for an... 

Unprecedented in the field of insect control, the US ERA (Environmental Protection Agency) required a compulsory insect resistance management plan, based on the high-dose/refuge strategy, in 1996 with the introduction of Bt crops. Based... 

Under current law, which was passed 35 years ago, the Environmental Protection Agency requires testing of only a few hundred of the 85,000 chemicals on the market. 

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency publishes sets of Series Methods that describe procedures for detecting and estimating the quantity of environmentally hazardous substances. There are strict requirements for accuracy, reproducibility, and for calibration of mass spectrometers. 

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) authorizes control over hazardous and potentially hazardous substances and validates appropriate methods of analysis, many of which require GC/MS. 

All blends of these oxygenated compounds are subject to ASTM D 439 volatility liinits except ethanol. Contact the EPA for current waivers and detailed requirements, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Eield Operations and Support Division (EN-397E), 401 M Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460. 

In the United States, the Clean Air Act of 1970 imposed limitations on composition of new fuels, and as such methanol-containing fuels were required to obtain Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) waivers. Upon enactment of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977, EPA set for waiver unleaded fuels containing 2 wt % maximum oxygenates excluding methanol (0.3 vol % maximum). Questions regarding methanol s influence on emissions, water separation, and fuel system components were raised (80). 

Shipment of hydrazine solutions is regulated in the United States by the Department of Transportation (DOT) which classifies all aqueous solutions between 64.4 and 37% N2H4 as "Corrosive" materials with a subsidiary risk of "Poison". Hydrazine has been identified by both the Environmental Protection Agency and the DOT as a hazardous material and has been assigned a reportable quantity (RQ) of 0.450 kg (1 lb) if spilled. Dmms for the shipment of these solutions must bear both the DOT specification "Corrosive" and "Poison" labels in association with the markings "RQ Hydrazine Aqueous Solution UN 2030." Aqueous solutions of 37% concentration or less are a hazard Class 6.1, UN 3293, Packing Group III and require "Keep Away From Food" placards and labels. 

There are no fumes or effluents generated in the processing of powders and the requirements of state and federal environmental protection agencies are met without difficulty. However, the production of powders has been subjected to the same concerns as most other metal refining and smelting operations. 

Air Pollution. Particulates and sulfur dioxide emissions from commercial oil shale operations would require proper control technology. Compliance monitoring carried out at the Unocal Parachute Creek Project for respirable particulates, oxides of nitrogen, and sulfur dioxide from 1986 to 1990 indicate a +99% reduction in sulfur emissions at the retort and shale oil upgrading faciUties. No violations for unauthorized air emissions were issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency during this time (62). 

In the United States, the Clean Air Act of 1990 requires plants to reduce emissions of 189 toxic and carcinogenic substances such as chlorine, chloroform, and 2,3,7,8-TCDD (dioxin) by 90% over the 1990s. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is working to develop standards based on maximum achievable control technologies and the industry has invested bUHons of doUars in capital investments to retrofit or rebuUd plant equipment to meet these measures. 

Sulfur polymer cement shows promise as an encapsulation and stabilization agent for use with low level radioactive and mixed wastes. Use of SPC allows accommodation of larger percentages of waste than PCC. As of this writing (1997), SPC-treated waste forms have met requirements of both the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 

There are a multitude of governmental requirements for the manufacture and handling of isocyanates. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) mandates testing and risk management for TDl and MDl under Toxic Substance Control Administration (TSCA). Annual reports on emissions of both isocyanates are required by the EPA under SARA 313. 

All four butanols are registered ia the United States on the Environmental Protection Agency Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory, a prerequisite for the manufacture or importation for commercial sale of any chemical substance or mixture ia quantities greater than a 1000 pounds (454 kg). Additionally, the manufacture and distribution of the butanols ia the United States are regulated under the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA), Section 313, which requires that anyone handling at least 10,000 pounds (4545 kg) a year of a chemical substance report to both the EPA and the state any release of that substance to the environment. 

Drinking water suppHed to carbonated soft drink manufacturing faciUties from private or municipal sources must comply with all regulatory requirements. Treated water must meet all U.S. Environmental Protection Agency primary maximum contaminant levels and may also be subject to additional state requirements. Treated water is routinely analyzed for taste, odor, appearance, chlorine, alkalinity, iron, pH, total dissolved soHds, hardness, and microbiological contamination. 

The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) was enacted in 1976 to identify and control toxic chemical ha2ards to human health and the environment. One of the main provisions of TSCA was to estabUsh and maintain an inventory of all chemicals in commerce in the United States for the purpose of regulating any of the chemicals that might pose an unreasonable risk to human health or the environment. An initial inventory of chemicals was estabhshed by requiring companies to report to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) all substances that were imported, manufactured, processed, distributed, or disposed of in the United States. Over 50,000 chemical substances were reported. PoUowing this initial inventory, introduction of all new chemical substances requires a Premanufacturing Notification (PMN) process. To be included in the PMN are the identity of the new chemical, the estimated first year and maximum production volume, manufacture and process information, a description of proposed use, potential release to the environment, possible human exposure to the new substance, and any health or environmental test data available at the time of submission. In the 10 years that TSCA has been in effect, the USEPA has received over 10,000 PMNs and up to 10% of the submissions each year are for dyes (382)... 

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