Auto industry

The auto industry has estabbshed a cooperative program in the field, the Vehicle Recycling Partnership (VRP). In addition, some auto manufacturers have announced specific projects that include recycled mbber. Chrysler has announced that it is already using a mbber shield that incorporates cmmb mbber derived from scrap tires. Auto manufacturing companies have indicated a desire to expand the use of recycled post-consumer scrap mbber in their products. 

Clark, K. B. and Fujimoto, T. 1991 Product Development Performance Strategy, Organisation and Management in the World Auto Industry. Boston Harvard Business School Press. 

By the late 1990s, it was clear that only the big automakers could make the electric car really happen. But, these were the same companies that had disdained electric cars earlier. GM once sued California in the U.S. District Court in Fresno to block imposition of the state s zero-emissions rules. These regulations would require automakers to build thousands of electric vehicles using rechargeable storage battery technology. But, the auto industry contended that conventional, electric-powered cars were too expensive and too limited in range to be profitable. 

Meeting the Kyoto goals could have a major impact on the electric power and auto industries and many believed the economy would suffer greatly. Developing countries like China and India would be exempt from the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. China and India have plans to build over 600 coal-fired plants. The emissions of these plants would be 5 times the total saving of Kyoto. 

Tightening the corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standard for cars and trucks would be one requirement since a 12-mile-per-gallon car or truck emits four times as much carbon dioxide as a 50-mile-per-gallon subcompact. The auto industry has always resisted attempts to tighten CAFE and certain vehicles like SUVs and pick-up trucks are not subject to CAFE standards. 

The Coalition for Vehicle Choice (CVC) is a lobbying group sponsored by carmakers, which has pushed to rescind the CAFE standards. The CVC has stated that CAFE causes 2,000 deaths and 20,000 injuries every year by forcing people into smaller cars. The auto industry has questioned the science behind global warming and claimed there are not enough facts to allow a judgment. 

The auto industry balked at Clinton s 45 MPG goal and when elected, Clinton broke his promise. In 1993, the administration announced that the... 

In 1998 the auto industry moved from weak commitments to a solid move toward fuel cells and fuel cell vehicles. All the auto companies began pursuing hydrogen fuel cells in some way. 

GM conducted its first fuel cell testing in 1964 and in 1968 GM produced the auto industry s first operational fuel cell powered vehicle. The first drivable fuel cell concept car was based on the GM Opel Zafira minivan in 1998. The HydroGenl fuel cell vehicle based on the Opel Zafira compact van served as the pace car for the men s and women s marathons at the Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. 

In 1998 the auto industry turned from weak commitments to a solid move toward fuel cells and EVs. All the auto companies are pursuing hydrogen fuel cells in some way. But, the new cars on the road in the near future are likely to be a mix of vehicles including those with electric drive, including battery EVs, hybrids with gasoline and direct-injection diesels, turbo generators and fuel cells. 

Although many questions involve fuel cell availability and much is dependent on the auto industry, fuel cells are beginning to appear in a number of autos in limited production, even with the extremely limited infrastructure available now. 

An analysis of possible substitution choices for BFRs in the computer and auto industry was conducted in Germany and subsequent stakeholder sessions were held to further discuss the types and feasibility of alternatives. ... 

PPG Industries has developed a substitute for lead in a coating process used widely in the auto industry. The replacement is yttrium that, though much less studied than lead, is considered orders of magnitude lower in hazard. In addition it was discovered that as yttrium is used in the process it is converted to yttrium oxide that is appears to be non-toxic by ingestion, in stark contrast to lead. As PPG customers implement yttrium overthe next several years, it is projected that the use of approximately one million pounds (some 454 tonnes) of lead will be avoided. 

It is interesting to note that refiners in the 1800s were primarily interested in obtaining kerosene and heavier components. Before the auto industry and the development of the modern petrochemical industry, there was relatively little need for gasoline and its asso-... 

Ninomiya developed his ideas on effective management from over a quarter of a century s work as a middle manager in the auto industry (Ford) and from fly-on-the-wall observations when working in a research team that visited colleagues in the oil and auto industries. 

The auto industry also pressured the EPA to reject the 43 mpg target of 17 states, forcing them to sue the EPA. The difference between the two targets (35 mpg vs. 43 mpg) is more than the total oil imported from Saudi Arabia and Iraq. 

MDI [4,4 -methylenebis (phenylisocyanate)] accounted for almost 85% of the worldwide demand for aniline in 2000. MDI is used primarily to make rigid polyurethane foam and polyurethane elastomers. MDI growth is expected to be 6% to 8% per year during the 2000 s as its use continues to increase in the construction industry (the largest user of rigid polyurethane foam) and the auto industry (the largest user of reaction-injection molding plastics). The aniline uses are shown in Table 20.3255. 

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