Environment human impact

Decommissioning is often a complex and risky operation. The five key considerations are the potential impact on the environment, potential impact on human health and safety, technical feasibility, costs of the plan, and public acceptability. 

The human impact on the environment affects many areas of our lives and future. One example is the effect of acid rain on biodiversity, the diversity of living things. In the prairies that extend across the heartlands of North America and Asia, native plants have evolved that can survive even nitrogen-poor soil and drought. By studying prairie plants, scientists hope to breed food plants that will be hardy sources of food in times of drought. However, acid rain is making some of these plants extinct. 

Goudie, A. (2000). The Human Impact on the Natural Environment. Blackwell Science, Oxford Pinker, S. (1994). The Language Instinct. Morrow, New York Pinker, S. (1998). How the Minds Work. Allen Lane - The Penguin Press, London Southwood, R. (2003). The Story of Life. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 

Goudie, A. (2000) The Human Impact on the Natural Environment, Blackwell Science, Oxford Gould, SJ. (1989). Wonderful life. Norton, New York. 

KEYWORDS built environments, children, human impact, neurotoxicity, soil survey. 

Abstract Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) represent a group of emerging environmental contaminants. Albeit in trace amounts, they are of great concern since given their continuous introduction into the environment, their impact on ecosystems and human health is of great importance. As a result, the environmental risk assessment (ERA) of medicinal products has to be evaluated and appropriate legislation has been issued in the European Union (EU). 

Deception Hormonal Chaos and The Feminization of Nature— Our Future at Risk chronicle the perceived, predicted, and observed problems associated with endocrine disruptors.50 Skepticism regarding the human impact of environmental contaminants has been discussed in several books including The Skeptical Environmentalist and Naturally Dangerous Surprising Facts About Food, Health and the Environment,51 and John Stossel (ABC television) remains a consistent skeptic with his features on junk science. 

Malaysia has an extensive coastal line and the country is divided between the west and east by the South China Sea. The west coast of West Malaysia shares the Straits of Malacca with Sumatra Island. The Straits of Malacca, together with the Java Sea, South China Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, are part of the rich marine environment of the shallow Sunda Shelf. In recent years, the Straits of Malacca has become a very important shipping route connecting the oil rich West Asia to the Far East. Shipping accidents have occurred more frequently in these shallow and narrow channels (Chua et al., 2000). The South China Sea, on the other hand, is poorly understood in terms of its marine biota, ecology, and the human impacts upon it. However, it is anticipated that anthropogenic impacts, such as the over-exploitation of marine resources and pollutions, will threaten the sea (Morton and Blackmore, 2001). 

A major increase in attention to the "CO2 problem" during this decade also stimulated considerable activity. Much of this activity was devoted to modeling current systems, such as those described in Chapter 9. While a major portion of this activity focused on the current environment and human impact, the "CO2 problem" also sparked interest in trying to understand long-term processes, such as the role of sedimentary carbonates in the evolution of the Earth s atmosphere. 

While MNT is still under development, it s worth diagnosing the causes and effects of the current environmental predicament so that the targets for MNT Research and Development (R D) into green production and products, as well as into restoring the environment, can be identified. Two examples of current human impact on environmental sustainability are discussed below [42,128,129] ... 

Source control is most effective for TTD and MNT. TTD has been usurped to minimize human impact on the environment. Its mediocre effect is obliterated by associated secondary pollution and consumption rise. Net damage to the environment still exceeds nature s recovery capacity [31-33]. Using TDBT to meet climbing material demand rendered further environmental damage inevitable and sustainability impossible. MNT s revolutionary production processes promise eventual total elimination of all pollution sources, not to mention control, treatment or abatement. 

In addition, a number of natural elements and molecules have been combined through human inventiveness into synthetic compounds that are particularly beneficial to mankind and its present quality of life, many of which are xenobiotic substances (i.e., substances not found in nature). Some of these substances have been introduced into the environment deliberately, like pesticides others have been discharged into the environment either by accident or as wastes, owing in part to the lack of awareness of the possible negative environmental and human impact in the long, or even the short, term or of the dispersion and transformations that such compounds may undergo. This is known as the Law of Ignored or Unexpected Consequences. 

Hussian, M., GrimvaH, A., and Petersen, W. (2004). Estimation of the human impact on nutrient loads carried by the Elbe River. Environ. Monit. Assess. 96, 15—33. 

In conclusion, the human impact on the salinity of the environment has caused dramatic changes in the chemical composition of soil and water resources. The continued stress on land and water resources has shifted the natural balance and has accelerated the natural salinization process, particularly in arid and semi-arid climatic zones. In addition, direct anthropogenic salinization is expected to modify the environment. The inorganic chemical composition of the pristine environment is now diminishing. 

Redman CL (1999) Human Impact on Ancient Environments. Tucson, AZ University of Arizona Press. 

What many executives fail to understand is that a fundamental change has occurred in the last decade. The environment today is inseparable from biological systems health (including human) and economic growth. This perception remains at odds with conventional understanding. The chemical industry, long under the environmental regulatory microscope, has been more attuned to environmental issues as traditionally defined (compliance), but the fundamental approach of most companies in their core businesses has stayed relatively constant, and narrowly conventional. The environment was understood as out there, with human impacts... 

ATCM, Human Impact on the Antarctic Environment Environmental Monitoring in Antarctica. Recommendation 5, XV ATCM, Paris, France, 1989. 

R. Bargagli, Trace metals in Antarctica related to climate change and increasing human impact. Res. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 166 (2000), 129-173. 

The relationship between coral distributions and physical variables was investigated in Amitori Bay, Iriomote Island, Japan. Amitori Bay is located in the northeast region of Iriomote Island, Japan. Broad areas of coral have developed in the bay, and their life forms, coverages, sizes, and species vary depending on their locations. In addition, Amitori Bay has no access roads, and the bay perimeter is uninhabited. Thus, this small bay, with its variety of environments and lack of human impact, is considered to be one of the most suitable areas for studying the relationship between coral distribution and physical variables. 

The relation between energy demand, population increase and continuous amelioration of economic conditions is strictly connected to some crucial issues regarding the human impact on the environment and the reserves of primary energy resources. These questions are the basis of the worldwide diffused awareness that concomitant growth of human population, economic prosperity and energy demand, may not be sustainable far into the future without any modification of the present model of economic and social development. 

Shirai JH, Kissel JC. 1996. Uncertainty in estimated half-Uves of PCBs in humans impact on exposure assessment. Sci Total Environ 187 199-210. 

EPS Method - The Environmental Priority in Product Design method was developed in Sweden by the Swedish Environmental Research Institute and the Swedish Federation of Industries. This system sets a value to a change in the environment through impacts on human health, biological diversity, production, resources and aesthetic values. 

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