Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus

Infections acquired from an external source are referred to as exogenous infections. These infections may occur as a result of human-to-human transmission, contact with exogenous bacterial populations in the environment, and animal contact. Resistant pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. [Pg.1021]

Vancomycin adds broad-spectrum gram-positive coverage, but increasing emergence of vancomycin-resistant organisms (e.g., Enterococcus spp.) prompts conservative use. Thus vancomycin should be included as part of the initial therapy only in the following cases ... [Pg.1471]

STD Sexually transmitted disease VRE Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus... [Pg.1558]

Linezolid or quinupristin-dalfopristin should be used to treat vancomycin-resistant enterococcus not susceptible to ampicillin... [Pg.474]

The combined synergistic effects of cyclo(Leu-Pro) and cyclo(Phe-Pro) were effective against five vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) strains Enterococcus faecium (K-99-38), E. faecalis (K-99-17), E. faecalis (K-99-258), E. faecium (K-01-312), and E. faecalis (K-01-511) with MIC values of 0.25—1 mgl . It also showed activity against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus. Micrococcus luteus, Candida albicans, and Cryptococcus neoformans with MIC values of 0.25—0.5 mg 1. This combination also showed mutagenic activity against Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TAIOO strains in a Salmonella mutation assay. ... [Pg.683]

Linezohd (Zyvox) is an oxazolidinone, a tive-membered heterocychc ring that forms the core of the hnezohd structure. The approval of hnezohd by the FDA in 2000 marked the first new structural class of antibacterial introduced into medical practice in the United States in 40 years. It is notable for its activity against methicillin-resistant Staph aureus, MRSA, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, VRE. It is bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal but finds significant use in patients with an intact immune system. Like several other classes of antibacterials, linezolid is an inhibitor of protein synthesis. It interacts specifically with the RNA component of a bacterial ribosome subunit to prevent initiation of protein synthesis. [Pg.328]

Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus and other life-threatening... [Pg.97]

Dhawan B, Gadepalli R, Kapil A. (2009) In vitro activity of daptomycin against Staphylococcus Aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus Faecium isolates associated with skin and soft tissue infections First results from India. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 65 196-198. [Pg.132]

Recently, the piperazine intermediate 15 for the total synthesis of (—)-lemon-omycin (9) was reported by Fukuyama et al. [14], (—)-Lemonomycin possesses interesting antibiotic activity against methiciUin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, as well as cytotoxicity against the human colon tumor cell line HCT-116 [15]. The reaction of 2-isocyanoethyl phenyl carbonate 11 gave Ugi product 14, which was further transformed to a piperazine intermediate 15 (Scheme 2). [Pg.89]

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium infections For the treatment of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium infections, including cases with concurrent bacteremia. [Pg.1624]

Willems R.J.L., J. Top, M. van Santen, D.A. Robinson, T.M. Coque, F. Baquero, H. Grundmann, and M.J.M. Bonten (2005). Global spread of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium fi om distinct nosocomial genetic complex. Emerging Infectious Diseases 11 821-828. [Pg.290]

Most appropriate use is when vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium infection is documented or strongly suspected, or for oral therapy of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection... [Pg.700]

Infections due to vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium IV 7 5 mg/kg/dose q8h Skin and skin-structure infections IV 7 5 mg/kg/dose q 12h. [Pg.1072]

There is no regimen that is reliably bactericidal for vancomycin-resistant enterococcus for which there is extensive clinical experience daptomycin has bactericidal activity in vitro. Regimens that have been reported to be efficacious include nitrofurantoin (for urinary tract infection) potential regimens for bacteremia include daptomycin, linezolid, and dalfopristin/quinupristin. [Pg.1103]

Vancoresmycin (125) is a metabolite extacted from the mycelium of an actinomycete strain of the genus Amycolatopsin sp. It exhibited potent activity against gram-positive bacteria, including vancomycin-resistant strains such as Enterococcus spp. [191], but was inactive towards gramnegative bacteria and showed no fungal activity. The plane structure was derived from MS and NMR studies which also revealed the stereochem-... [Pg.150]

Evers, S. Courvalin, P. Regulation of VanB-type vancomycin resistance gene expression by the VanS(B)-VanR (B) two-component regulatory system in Enterococcus faecalis V583. J. Bacteriol., 178, 1301-1309 (1996)... [Pg.456]

Z Wu, CT Walsh. Phosphinate analogs of D-,D-dipeptides slow-binding inhibition and proteolysis protection of VanX, a D-,D-dipeptidase required for vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus faecium. Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 92 11603-11607, 1995. [Pg.511]

Daptomycin has proven efficacy in a number of in vivo animal models, including soft tissue infections by MRSA, bacteraemia caused by S. aureus or vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), Enterococcus faecalis pyelonephritis, MRSA osteomyelitis, MRSA and Bacillus anthracis pulmonary infections, Gram-positive endocarditis, Clostridium difficile colitis and S. pneumoniae and S. aureus meningitis.9,64 66... [Pg.402]

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