Genetic complexes

The 1994 article by Lander and Schork was a landmark essay signaling the reappreciation of genetic complexity. In the abstract for their article,... 

Pawlotsky JM, Pellerin M, Bouvier M, Roudot-Thoraval F, Germanidis G, Bastie A et al. Genetic complexity of the hypervariable region 1 (HVR1J of hepatitis C vims (HCV) influence on the characteristics of the infection and responses to interferon alfa therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Med Virol 1998 54[4] 256—264. 

Willems R.J.L., J. Top, M. van Santen, D.A. Robinson, T.M. Coque, F. Baquero, H. Grundmann, and M.J.M. Bonten (2005). Global spread of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium fi om distinct nosocomial genetic complex. Emerging Infectious Diseases 11 821-828. 

Fig. 3.8.1 The genetic complexity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain biogenesis. CI-V Respiratory chain complexes I-V, mtDNA mitochondrial DNA...

Genetically complex diseases may exhibit the following properties incomplete penetrance—not all susceptible individuals are affected the... 

The rate of renaturation depends on the concentration of complementary sequences. Viral DNA has a smaller variety of sequences than does bacterial DNA this reflects the higher level of genetic complexity in bacteria. Thus, for viral and bacterial DNA fragments of the same average size and at the same molar concentration, there would be a higher concentration of complementary sequences in the former. Viral DNA therefore would renature faster than bacterial DNA. In other words, bacterial DNA has greater sequence heterogeneity. 

Risch N. 1990. Linkage strategies for genetically complex traits. II. The power of affected relative pairs. Am J Hum... 

The genetically complex AcAfNPV prototype baculovirus genome is a double-stranded, covalently closed circular molecule with superhelical conformation and a size of approximately 130 kbp (12). Regulation of viral gene expression is temporally organized relative to the time of viral DNA replication which occurs at approximately 6 hours post infection in cultured insect cells. By our functional criteria, some of the early genes (Table I) are described as immediate early because they are expressed immediately in a viral infection or transient expression assay, or do not require... 

AD, Pericak-Vance MA (1997) Genetic complexity and Parkinson s disease Deane Laboratory Parkinson Disease Research Group. Science 277 387-388. 

Because of its genetic complexity and uncertain etiology, schizophrenia, like so many neu-ropsychiatricdisorders, has resisted the development of suitable animal models. Early progress in the field was hampered because of the prevailing belief that schizophrenia was a social or psychological disorder rather than a neurodevelopmental brain disorder. 

In this chapter, we have shown that the response to pharmacotherapy for addiction is genetically complex that is, therapeutic response is a result of small influences of many genetic variants, as well as that of the environment. The research reviewed herein suggests that these influences may be additive and that the identification of more predictive genetic factors may help to tailor more effective pharmacotherapies. 

DNA repair, some associated with skin cancer19. Such disorders result from defects in nucleotide excision repair and are all genetically complex, with involvement of multiple genes. Here again, the Xiphophorus model offers a potential means of unraveling each of the many steps involved in these complex molecular events that underpin multifactorial phenotypes. 

Bacteriophage X is a genetically complex and extensively studied virus of E. coli. Because it has been the object of molecular genetic research, it was investigated and developed as a vector. The DNA of phage X, in the form in which it is isolated from the phage particle, is a linear duplex molecule of about 45.5 kb pairs. The entire DNA sequence has been determined (SI). At each end are short, single-stranded 5 projections of 12 nucleotides that are complementary in sequence and by which the DNA adopts a circular structure when it is injected into the host cell i.e., X DNA naturally has cohesive termini that associate to form the cos site. 

Manes, T., Hoylaerts, M.F., Muller, R., Lott-speich, F., Holke, W., Millan, J.L. (1998) Genetic complexity, stmcture, and characterization of highly active bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatases. /. Biol. Chem. 273, 23353-23360. 

Gasser T, Muller-Myhsok B, Wszolek ZK, et al. Genetic complexity and Parkinson s disease. Science 1997 277 388-389. 

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