X-ray microanalysis energy dispersive

Subsequent investigation into what features might distinguish the femur from Burial 8 initially foeused on the mineral fraction of a selection of Snake Hill femora. Energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis (JEOL JSM-35C SEM equipped with a TN-5500 X-ray analyzer) demonstrated consistent calcium to... 

Echlin P. Low-voltage energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis of bulk biological materials. Microsc Microanal 1999 4 577-584. 

Akesson, K., Grynpas, M.D., Hancock, R. G. V., Odselius, R., and Obrant, K. J. (1994). Energy-dispersive X-ray-microanalysis of the bone mineral content in human trabecular bone - a comparison with ICP-ES and neutron-activation analysis. Calcified Tissue International 55 236-239. 

Eley BM, Garrett JR. 1983. Tissue reactions to the separate implantation of individual constituent phases of dental amalgam, including assessement by energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis. Biomaterials 4 73-80. 

Lindberg, M. et al., Sodium lauryl sulfate enhances nickel penetration through guinea-pig skin. Studies with energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis, Scanning Microsc., 3, 221, 1989. 

Burkhart, C.G. and Burnham, J.C.V., Elevated phosphorus in psoriatic skin determined energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis, 7. Cutan. Pathol., 10, 171, 1983. 

Energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis has shown that the brominated alkaloids present in the Australian bryozoan Amathia wilsoni may be associated with a surface bacterium,182 consistent with a role in chemical defense. Tambjamines A-D 149, 150, 160, and 161, from the bryozoan Sessibugula translucens and nudibranch predators... 

A scanning electron microscope (Philips 505) equipped with four scintillator-type backscattered electron detectors and an energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis system (Tracor Northern 5500) were used to analyze the specimens. 

Figure 22 Si02 supported, MAO-activated zirconocene catalyst grains, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrograph and element mapping by Energy-Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis.

Johnson NF, Haslam PE, Dewar A, et al. 1988. Identification of inorganic dust particles in bronchoalveolar lavage macrophages by energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis. Arch Environ Health 41 133-144. 

In 2003, Desmeules et al. described a new pattern of renal failure resulting from the use of OSPS [29]. A 71-year-old female with a baseline creatinine of 1.0 mg/ dl presented with acute kidney injury and a creatinine of 4.5 mg/ dl two weeks following the use of OSPS. Renal biopsy revealed numerous tubular calcium phosphate deposits. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis revealed that the calcium phosphate deposits formed crystals of hydroxyapatite. The patient s creatinine declined to 1.7 mg/dl at one year of follow-up. The authors described the process as "phosphosoda-induced nephrocalcinosis" and proposed the term "acute phosphate nephropathy". 

It was reported that the K/Cu-Zn-Fe oxides catalyst efficiently converted a mixture of COj and H2 into ethanol by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical and National Institute of Material and Chemical Research [1]. However, the catalyst was deactivated quickly during the reaction. To improve the catalytic life, an addition of various kinds of components was tried. It was found that the addition of Cr component to the catalyst prevented the deactivation of catalyst [2]. In this paper, we describe the effect of the addition of Cr component to the catalyst from the results of XRD analysis, transmission electron microscope observation (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDS) of the catalysts before and after the reaction. 

To clarify the reason of slow deactivation rate in the reaction using CAT B, we characterized the catalysts before and after the reaction by means of XRD analysis, transmission electron microscope observation, and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. 

Leach SA, Appleton J Ultrastructural investigations by energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis of some of the elements involved in the formation of dental plaque and pellicle, in Tooth Surface Interactions and Preventative Dentistry, London, IRL Press Ltd, 1981, pp 65-79. 

Electron Microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis can be effectively used in combination to provide both structural and elemental information about individual mineral particles in coal and other materials (42,53-55). Transmission electron microscopy has the advantage of higher resolution (56,57) allowing more detailed characterization of mineral inclusions. 

Energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis Surface analytical techniques Scanning near-field optical microscopy Scanning thermal microscopy Atomic force microscopy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy... 

Jackson, T. A., and Leppard, G. G. (2002). Energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis and its applications in biological research. In Soil Mineral-Organic Matter-Microorganism... 

Energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis was used to qualitatively verify the graded profile. A cross-sectioned sample, polished to a 1pm finish, was prepared. The measurement was conducted from the near-surface region to the center of the sample with step size of 50 pm using a JEOL 35C scanning electron microscope. The x-ray emission intensities for TiKot, AlKa, and ZrLot were collected at each point. 

The sulfur globules of the chemotrophic bacteria B. alba have also been studied quite extensively. The density of the globules has not been determined but energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis showed that the globules consisted almost entirely of sulfur [9]. XANES [28] and Raman spectroscopy [26] confirmed that the sulfur globules of B. alba consist of Ss sulfur rings. 

Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) was carried out in a transmission electron microscope JEM-2000FX fitted with a Link ANIOOOO analysis system. The phases were first identified by electron diffraction and thin edges were then andysed using a beam approximately 500 A in diameter and an acceleration voltage of 200 kV. 

The Fe-Au nanoparticles were reported to consist of metallic cores, having an average diameter of 6.1 nm, surrounded by an oxide shell, averaging 2.7 nm in thickness, for a total average particle diameter of 11.5 nm [101]. A surfactant solution is prepared with nonylphenol poly(ethoxylate) ethers. Au-coated Fe nanoparticles were also prepared in a reverse micelle formed by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), 1-butanol and octane as the surfactant, the co-surfactant and the oil phase, respectively [100]. The nanoparticles were prepared in aqueous solutions of micelles by reduction of Fe(II) and Au precursors with NaBH4. The typical size of the nanoparticles is about 20 nm. The existence of Fe and Au is again confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis. 

A combination of STEM and either energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (see below) or electron energy loss can detect low elemental concentrations at the subcellular level. Leapman and Andrews (16) reported the ability to quantitate calcium in Purkinje cell dendrites to an accuracy of < 12 atoms. A low tempera-... 

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