Dentistry Preventive

Dentistry. Mercury is used in dental amalgams for fillings in teeth (see Dental materials). Dental uses have accounted for 2—4% of total U.S. mercury consumption since 1980 and generally 3—6% before that time (3). Dental amalgams used to fill cavities in teeth are approximately 50% mercury by weight. Dental use of mercury can be expected to continue to decrease, in part because of more effective cavity prevention as well as development and increasing use of alternative dental materials such as plastics and ceramics, and increasing awareness of the environmental and health effects of mercury. 

The addition of therapeutic or cosmetic agents to dentifrices has paralleled advances in knowledge about factors affecting the human dentition. Agents added to dentifrices can act directly on the host tooth stmcture or on specific oral accumulations, for example, the principal action of fluoride is on the tooth enamel. The primary action of an abrasive, however, is on an accumulated stained pellicle. Oral accumulations of interest to preventive dentistry are dental pellicles, dental plaque, dental calculus (tartar), microbial populations responsible for oral malodor, and oral debris (food residues, leukocytes, etc). Plaque is most important because of its potential to do harm. 

Another important use for the glass polyalkenoate cement is in preventive dentistry where it can be used to fill and seal naturally occurring pits and fissures in molar teeth which are sites for the initiation of caries (McLean Wilson, 1974, 1977b Komatsu, 1981 Wilson McLean, 1988). Its adhesive quality and ability to act as a long-term fluoridereleasing gel make it particularly suitable for this purpose. Special formulations for this application have been placed on the market. 

Horowitz, H. S. (1973). A review of systematic and topical fluorides for the prevention of dental caries. Community Dentistry Oral Epidemiology, 1, 104-14. 

H.S. Horowitz, A.I. Ismail, Topical fluorides in caries prevention, in O. Fejerskov, J. Ekstrand, B.A. Burt (Eds.), Fluorides in Dentistry, 2nd edition, Munksgaard,... 

A dental examination with appropriate preventive dentistry should be considered prior to treatment with bisphosphonates in patients with concomitant risk factors (e.g., cancer, chemotherapy, corticosteroid use, poor oral hygiene). While on bis-... 

A dental examination with appropriate preventive dentistry should be considered prior to treatment with bisphosphonates in patients with concomitant risk factors (e.g., cancer, chemotherapy, corticosteroid use, poor oral hygiene). While on bis-phosphonate treatment, patients with concomitant risk factors should avoid invasive dental procedures if possible. For patients who develop osteonecrosis of the jaw while on bisphosphonate therapy, dental surgery may exacerbate the condition. For patients requiring dental procedures, there are no data available to suggest whether discontinuation of bisphosphonate treatment reduces the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw. 

Various antimicrobials agents is used in dentistry for prevention of local oral wound infection and prevention of distant infection i.e., bacterial endocarditis. Generally, prophylaxis by the use of antibiotics is not required for routine type of dental surgery... 

In dentistry, they are used for sterilization of certain instruments and prevention and treatment of dental plaque and peridental diseases. They are also used in root canal therapy (RCT), treatment of acute necrotizing gingivitis and other infective oral conditions. Antiseptics and disinfectants are also used as ingredient in various dentifrices. 

Consider, for example, the worldwide total of suffering relieved and prevented each day by anaesthetics (local and general) and by analgesics, not forgetting dentistry which, because of these drugs, no longer strikes terror into even the most stoical as it has done for centuries. 

Nyvad B, Fejerskov O Experimentally induced changes in ultrastructure of pellicle on enamel in vivo in Ten Cate JM, Leach SA, Arends J (eds) Bacterial Adhesion and Preventive Dentistry, Oxford, IRL press, 1984, pp 143-151. 

Leach SA, Appleton J Ultrastructural investigations by energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis of some of the elements involved in the formation of dental plaque and pellicle, in Tooth Surface Interactions and Preventative Dentistry, London, IRL Press Ltd, 1981, pp 65-79. 

Grobler SR, Ogaard B, Rolla G Uptake and retention of fluoride in sound dental enamel in vivo after a single application of neutral 2% sodium fluoride, in Rolla G, Sonju T, Embery G (eds) Tooth Surface Interactions and Preventive Dentistry. London, IRL Press Ltd, 1981, pp 17-25. 

Local anesthetics are widely used clinically in surgery, dentistry, ophthalmology, and in other clinical procedures in which temporary relief of pain is warranted. Some local anesthetics also can be used to treat or prevent cardiac arrhythmias because of their action on cardiac sodium channels. 

Hydrolyses polyhyaluronic add, a relatively impermeable polymer found between human cells administered to increase diffusion of coinjected compounds, e.g., antibiotics, adrenaline, heparin, and local anesthetic in surgery and dentistry Removal of heparin after surgery. Production of heparin oUgosaccharides (wound heaUng and tumor netastasis properties) Prevention and removal of blood clots Anti-inflammatory agent Dissolution of blood clots... 

This book is mainly concerned with repair materials for teeth damaged in a variety of ways. However, clinical dentistry also has to be concerned with the source of much of the damage, namely oral bacteria. Dental prophylaxis is that aspect of dentistry concerned with cleaning of the oral cavity as well as strengthening the teeth against acid attack, and is thus important as a preventive treatment to assist in the maintenance of sound oral health in patients. 

Tranexamic acid is used in dentistry as a 5 % mouth rinse after extractions or surgery in patients on oral anticoagulant therapy to prevent postoperative bleeding [4],... 

Dentistry involves the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disorders and diseases of the teeth, mouth, jaw, and face. Dentistry includes instruction on proper dental care, removal of tooth decay, teeth straightening, cavity filling, and corrective and reconstructive work on teeth and gums. Dentistry is recognized as an important component of overall health. Practitioners of dentistry are called dentists. Dental hygienists, technicians, and assistants aid dentists in the provision of dental care. 

Dentistry not only prevents and treats serious oral health disorders but also provides cosmetic services to enhance facial features and correct signs of aging. Dentistry strives to promote oral health as a part of overall health and applies principles of basic medicine, pharmacology, and psychology to dental care. 

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