End-use industries

The results of studies are discussed into the co-combustion of plastics with respect to the recycling of scrap plastics from the building, packaging, automotive, electrical and electronic industries. Tests were carried out by APME on plastic waste from these end-use industries in a typical large scale EfW facility with respect to operational and environmental problems. 

Nickel consumption in the United States by intermediate product and end-use industry in 1985... 

Table 6.3 Nickel Consumption in the United States by Intermediate Product and End-Use Industry in ISSS ...

How do each of these functions help the salesmen to sell Prior to making the decision to produce a new product based on a company s proprietary technology or to produce a product currently on the market based on self-developed or licensed technology, management should have considerable detail on market size, end use industries and applications, prices, competition, possible market share under varying conditions, product mix requirements, and a list of prospective customers. Forecasts for each of these factors should be made for three, five, and possibly ten year time spans. Incidentally, this type of information is much more difficult to develop for new products than for established products. 

Production groups need specifications for plastics materials which fall within allowable practical property deviations. This saves production time and production money. Practical property ranges are best obtained from technical service groups, because of their constant technical contact with end-use industries. 

Within the last 10 years PTS has grown from 4 to 12 sections CTS has grown from 3 to 12 sections. These divisions have assured us that each important area of end-use industries and each important type of fabrication or application gets its necessary attention. Figure 1 shows a section breakdown of PTS. Figure 2 shows a section breakdown of CTS. 

This impact may well be greater in the sixties than it has been in the past, because certain products may be held longer in developmental stages. The planned release of complementary products for a given end-use industry is a goal toward which all major plastics producers are working. Obviously, it is not possible with every product, because the pace of development work varies with each product. 

One can start out with four broad end-use market categories component parts, packaging, construction, and the consumer, which are subdivided further into the specific end-use industries of concern for the particular product, as shown in Table I. 

We now have a development man assigned to a specific end-use industry. What is the best way to maximize his efforts First, what are we trying to accomplish in this industry We know from our market analysis studies that there are numerous specific applications where the new plastic will do the end-use job better at equivalent or lower cost. Does this mean that our man should take on a host of end-use applications, selling each in turn with priority dependent upon potential volume and probability of success This is one way to do the development job. However, our experience indicates that more business is developed in the long run by market development activity than by end-use application activity. It is important to understand the difference between these two sales activities. 

A survey by the Steel Structure Painting Council (SSPC) of industrial coatings performed in 1998 separated the coating sales by the end-use industry. Table 4.6 shows the distribution of coating sales in 1998 by the end-use industry. 

MAJOR APPLICATIONS Poly(methylene oxide) resin has been widely used in mechanical, automotive, plumbing, appliance, industrial, and electrical conponents along with its copolymer resins. It is continuing to replace die-cast zinc, brass, aluminum, steel, and other metals in the various end-use industries. 

The wetting and spreading action necessarily demands that the adhesive is applied in the liquid phase, whereas the final bond depends on the adhesive being a solid with appropriate mechanical characteristics. The two most widely used and nsefnl taxonomic schemes for adhesives address either the way in which this phase change takes place or the chemical nature of the adhesive itself, although other schemes such as a classification by suitability for a particular type of adherend or end-use industry are also current and sometimes more applicable. 

This process represents an economic and environmental saving of valuable fiber that would otherwise be lost to the landfill. Ironically, the most unusable and damaged of post-consumer textiles often have the highest level of specifications forced upon them by the end-use industries (e.g. building, auto, aeronautics, and defense). Another informant reports that used fibers are being utilized in the production of US currency. 

In general, poly(vinyl acetate) production is located close to end use industries (textile mills, adhesive plants, etc). In the United States, small-voIume captive producers also contribute to the market. 

Producers will cooperate with use and end-use industries on the safe disposal of polymers and textiles containing the selected brominated flame retardants. 

ESTIMATED CHANGES IN THE IMPORTANCE OF END-USE INDUSTRIES IN WESTERN EUROPE... 

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