Electronic records 538 INDEX

All activities carried out under the management system must be recorded and documented to facilitate retrieval as part of management, external review, or an audit. These documents must be identified and indexed and must be kept securely for a defined period. Electronic records must be secure, available only to properly identified personnel, and appropriately backed... 

Additionally, rapid and reliable access to electronic records and documents is required. This requires a strong, yet flexible, indexing system and a quick and efficient search capability. 

The Code of Federal Regulations may be found at http//vww.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/cfrassemble.cgi title-199821 or using the index feature at httpjWww.fda.gov. Type "electronic records" and "electronic signatures" in the search box (exactly as shown) and click SUBMIT. The search results will reveal 21 CFR 11 Electronic Records Electronic... 

SCISEARCH contains bibliographic citations (links) to publications in science and technology. The database represents the electronic online version of the expanded Science Citation Index (SCI) and parts from the Current Contents of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI). More than 5900 science and technical journals are included in the database with more than 20 million records (October, 2002). Searches can be performed on the bibliographic data, along with where, and how often, an author or publication is dted. 

Theoretical and structural studies have been briefly reviewed as late as 1979 (79AHC(25)147) (discussed were the aromaticity, basicity, thermodynamic properties, molecular dimensions and tautomeric properties ) and also in the early 1960s (63ahC(2)365, 62hC(17)1, p. 117). Significant new data have not been added but refinements in the data have been recorded. Tables on electron density, density, refractive indexes, molar refractivity, surface data and dissociation constants of isoxazole and its derivatives have been compiled (62HC(17)l,p. 177). Short reviews on all aspects of the physical properties as applied to isoxazoles have appeared in the series Physical Methods in Heterocyclic Chemistry (1963-1976, vols. 1-6). 

Forsberg s electronic book consists of information from over 5,000 permeation tests on 6A0 chemicals or mixtures of chemicals. Over 7,000 breakthrough times and/or permeation rates are recorded. Along with this information are over 25,000 pieces of associated data such as the test material, manufacturer, model number, thickness, comments, a performance index number, and references. Over 200 different models of CPC are represented. 

FIGURE 2.1 Energy of the 0-0 vibrational transition in the principal electronic absorption spectrum of violaxanthin (l Ag-—>1 BU+), recorded in different organic solvents, versus the polarizability term, dependent on the refraction index of the solvent (n). The dashed line corresponds to the position of the absorption band for violaxanthin embedded into the liposomes formed with DMPC (Gruszecki and Sielewiesiuk, 1990) and the arrow corresponds to the polarizability term of the hydrophobic core of the membrane (n = 1.44). 

X-ray diffraction patterns were recorded on a Philips PW1820 diffractometer with Cu-Ka radiation (X = 0.154 nm). The collected sample was indexed very well as cubic a-Mn203 bixbyite (JCPDS 41-1442, la-3, a = 0.941 nm) (Fig. 1). The morphologies were visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Fig. 1). The abundant well-defined hexagonal-like plates with the sizes from several hundred nanometers to a few micrometers were formed during hydrothermal treatment, which kept initial shape after 700 °C-calcination (Fig. 1). The hexagonal plates are about 50 nm thick with smooth surfaces. 

Infrared spectra were recorded on a Perkin Elmer Model 567 Spectrophotometer. Ultraviolet spectra were obtained on a Cary 1756 Spectrophotometer. Gas chromatograms were recorded on a Tracor Model 220 with electron capture detector. High pressure liquid chromatography studies were conducted with a Waters Model ALC-200 with ultraviolet and refractive index detectors. 

So far, we have seen that if we measure the Bragg angle of the reflections and successfully index them, then we get information on the size of the unit cell and, if it possesses any translational symmetry elements, also on the symmetry. In addition, we have seen that the intensity of each reflection is different and this too can be measured. In early photographic work, the relative intensities of the spots on the film were assessed by eye with reference to a standard, and later a scanning microdensitometer was used. In modern diffractometers, the beam is intercepted by a detector, either a charge coupled device (CCD) plate or a scintillation counter, and the intensity of each reflection is recorded electronically. 

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used for elemental analysis of plasma-deposited polymer films. The photoelectron spectrometer (Physical Electronics, Model 548) was used with an X-ray source of Mg Ka (1253.6 eV). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of plasma polymers deposited on the steel substrate were recorded on a Perkin-Elmer Model 1750 spectrophotometer using the attenuated total reflection (ATR) technique. The silane plasma-deposited steel sample was cut to match precisely the surface of the reflection element, which was a high refractive index KRS-5 crystal. 

The components in a mixture separate in the column and exit from the column at different times (retention times). As they exit, the detector registers the event and causes the event to be recorded as a peak on the chromatogram. A wide range of detector types are available and include ultraviolet adsorption, refractive index, thermal conductivity, flame ionization, fluorescence, electrochemical, electron capture, thermal energy analyzer, nitrogen-phosphorus. Other less common detectors include infrared, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, atomic absorption, plasma emission. 

Figure 10 Phase identification of CuO nanowires, (a) An electron image of the wires, (b) the recorded diffraction pattern, (c) the diffraction intensity plotted as a function of sin 0/X and indexing diffraction peaks based on CuO monoclinic structure...

Figure 11 Electron diffraction pattern recorded from a single CuO nanowire and its indexing...

Electronic access to fully indexed records in CAS databases corresponding to the customer s subscription period to Chemical Abstracts from 1996 to the present... 

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