Effect, carcinogenic irritation

Environmental tobacco smokes (ETS) tobacco smoke irritation to mucous membranes chronic and acutes pulmonary effects, cardiovascular effects carcinogenic. 

TOPKAT Automated Rule-Induction Systems Accelrys Ltd. www.accelrys.com/products/topkat/ mutagenicity, teratogenicity, membrane irritation, neurotoxicity, and other effects Carcinogenicity,... 

SAFETY PROFILE Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic, neoplastigenic, and tumorigenic data. Experimental reproductive effects. An irritant. Human mutation data reported. 

Highly toxic yellow gas, mp -35°C soluble in ether concentrated solutions are explosive strong irritant with a delayed inflammatory effect carcinogenic. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS hypermotility liver effects pulmonary irritation methemoglobinemia cyanosis nausea vomiting diarrhea severe headaches anorexia possible cancer hazard EPA Group 2B probably human carcinogen. 

Methanol is not classified as carcinogenic, but can be acutely toxic if ingested 100—250 mL may be fatal or result in blindness. The principal physiological effect is acidosis resulting from oxidation of methanol to formic acid. Methanol is a general irritant to the skin and mucous membranes. Prolonged skin contact with methanol vapor or Hquid can cause dermatitis. Methanol vapor can cause eye and respiratory tract irritation, nausea, headaches, and dizziness. 

In additional EPA studies, subchronic inhalation was evaluated ia the rat for 4 and 13 weeks, respectively, and no adverse effects other than nasal irritation were noted. In the above-mentioned NTP chronic toxicity study ia mice, no chronic toxic effects other than those resulting from bronchial irritation were noted. There was no treatment-related increase ia tumors ia male mice, but female mice had a slight increase in bronchial tumors. Neither species had an increase in cancer. Naphthalene showed no biological activity in other chemical carcinogen tests, indicating Htde cancer risk (44). No incidents of chronic effects have been reported as a result of industrial exposure to naphthalene (28,41). 

On the basis of these differences in species response it was concluded that phthalates do not pose a significant health hazard to humans. This view is home out by the EU Commission decision of July 25, 1990 which states that DEHP shall not be classified or labeled as a carcinogenic or an irritant substance (42). This has been reaffirmed in a comprehensive review (43) which concludes that "peroxisome proliferators constitute a discrete class of nongenotoxic rodent hepatocarcinogens and that the relevance of thek hepatocarcinogenic effects for human hazard assessment is considered to be negligible."... 

Swallowing. If it is sufficiently irritant or caustic, a swallowed material may cause local effects on the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, and stomach. Additionally, carcinogenic materials may induce tumor formation in the alimentary tract. Also, the gastrointestinal tract is an important route by which toxic materials are absorbed. The sites of absorption and factors regulating absorption have been reviewed (42,43). 

In the past, chloroform was used extensively as a surgical anesthetic, but this use was abandoned because exposure to narcotic concentrations often resulted in sudden death from effects on the heart and circulation or from severe injury to the Hver. In addition, chloroform for this and other consumer uses was harmed by FDA in 1976 with the discovery that it is carcinogenic in mice (38). When splashed into the eye, chloroform causes local pain and irritation, but serious injury is not expected. Skin contact for single, brief exposures ordinarily causes Htde or no local irritation. 

Aromatics Used as a solvent in coatings Surface coatings, printing Irritation of mucous membranes, narcotic effects some are carcinogens... 

Exposure effects Inhalation (general) Respiratory irritation Ingestion Skin/eye irritation Skin and respiratory sensitization Mutagenicity Teratogenicity Carcinogenicity ... 

Eye, nose, and throat irritation headaches, nausea. Some VOCs are suspected or known carcinogens or causes of adverse reproductive effects. Some VOCs also have unpleasant odors or are irritants. VOCs are thought to be a cause of non-specific health symptoms. 

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