Acute pulmonary

Health and Safety Factors, Toxicology. Phosphoms trichloride severely bums skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Contaminated clothing must be removed immediately. Vapors from minor inhalation exposure can cause delayed onset of severe respiratory symptoms after 2—24 h, depending on the degree of exposure. Delayed, massive, or acute pulmonary edema and death can develop as consequences of inhalation exposure. 

Thrombolytic Enzymes. Although atherosclerosis and the accompanying vascular wall defects are ultimately responsible for such diseases as acute pulmonary embolism, arterial occlusion, and myocardial infarction, the lack of blood flow caused by a fibrin clot directly results in tissue injury and in the clinical symptoms of these devastating diseases (54). Thrombolytic enzyme therapy removes the fibrin clot by dissolution, and has shown promise in the treatment of a number of thrombo-occlusive diseases (60). 

Acute Pulmonary Inflammation Alkylating Agents Busulfan Cyc1ophosphamide... 

Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease or acute pulmonary edema... 

Design appropriate antibiotic regimens for acute pulmonary exacerbations of CF. 

White blood cell count with an associated increase in polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes and bands may occur in acute pulmonary infection however, infection may occur without these laboratory abnormalities. 

Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) indicate decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEN/,), decreased forced vital capacity (FVC), and increased residual volume. Values are typically worse during acute pulmonary exacerbations. 

Fluconazole 12 mg/kg/day PO for 6-12 weeks transitioned to itraconazole or fluconazole Corticosteroid therapy should be considered in hypoxic patients with acute pulmonary infection... 

Bleomycin—give test dose of 1 -2 units because of possible acute pulmonary, anaphylactoid, or severe febrile reactions must dose adjust for renal insufficiency total lifetime dose should not exceed 400 units avoid high Fi02 as it can exacerbate pulmonary toxicity... 

Bleomycin -antitumor antibiotic that causes DNA strand breakage -dose-related pneumonitis -mucocutaneous effects (stomatitis, mucositis) -acute pulmonary edema -fever in 50% -hyperpigmentation (can rarely be DLT)... 

The predominant mechanism of AF and atrial flutter is reentry, which is usually associated with organic heart disease that causes atrial distention (e.g., ischemia or infarction, hypertensive heart disease, valvular disorders). Additional associated disorders include acute pulmonary embolus and chronic lung disease, resulting in pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale and states of high adrenergic tone such as thyrotoxicosis, alcohol withdrawal, sepsis, or excessive physical exertion. 

Acute pulmonary histoplasmosis Asymptomatic or mild disease... 

Acute pulmonary blastomycosis is generally an asymptomatic or self-limited disease characterized by fever, shaking chills, and a productive, purulent cough, with or without hemoptysis in immunocompetent individuals. 

Some patients with acute pulmonary infection may have a spontaneous cure. Patients with progressive pulmonary disease should be treated... 

Patients often present with classic signs and symptoms of acute pulmonary embolus pleuritic chest pain, fever, hemoptysis, a friction rub, and a wedge-shaped infiltrate on chest radiographs. 

Oral or aerosolized bronchodilators (e.g., albuterol aerosol) may be of benefit to some patients during acute pulmonary exacerbations. For patients who consistently demonstrate limitations in airflow, a therapeutic change of bronchodilators should be considered. 

Caution Both glanders and melioidosis may occur in an acute localized form, as an acute pulmonary infection, or as an acute fulminant, rapidly fatal, sepsis. Combinations of these syndromes may occur in human cases. In addition, melioidosis may remain asymptomatic after initial acquisition, and remain quiescent for decades, but these patients may display active melioidosis years later which is often associated with an immune-compromising state. Aerosol infection produced by a biological weapon containing either glanders (B. mallei) or melioidosis (B. pseudomallei) could produce any of these syndromes... 

Symptoms Onset of symptoms may be either abrupt or gradual. Inhalational exposure produces fever commonly in excess of 102 degrees F, rigors, sweats, myalgias, headache, pleuritic chest pain, cervical adenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and generalized papular/ pustular eruptions. Acute pulmonary disease can progress and result in bacteremia and acute septicemic disease. 

Illness from melioidosis can be categorized as acute or localized infection, acute pulmonary infection, acute bloodstream infection, and chronic suppurative infection. Inapparent infections are also possible. The incubation period (time between exposure and appearance of clinical symptoms) is not dearly defined, but may range from 2 days to many years. 

Halpern, B.N., Cruchaud, S., Vermeil, G., and Roux, J.L. 1950. Experimental study on the pathogenesis and treatment of acute pulmonary edema. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 82 425-176. (Cited in EPA 1986)... 

Environmental tobacco smokes (ETS) tobacco smoke irritation to mucous membranes chronic and acutes pulmonary effects, cardiovascular effects carcinogenic. 

Fagan DG, Forrest JB, Enhoming G, et al. 1977. Acute pulmonary toxicity of a commercial fluorocarbon-lipid aerosol. Histopathology 1 209-223. 

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