Diethanol amide

PLE pressurized liquid extraction, SPE solid phase extraction, UE ultrasonic extraction, DSPE dispersive solid phase extraction, SBSE stir bar sorptive extraction, TD-GC-MS thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, LAS linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, CDEAs coconut diethanol amides, NPEOs nonylphenol ethoxylates, DP degradation products, SPC sulphenyl carboxylates, PCDD dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), PCDF dibenzofurans, PCBs biphenyls... 

Gonzalez S, Petrovic M, Barcelo D (2004) Simultaneous extraction and fate of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, coconut diethanol amides, nonylphenol ethoxylates and their degradation products in wastewater treatment plants, receiving coastal waters and sediments in the Catalonian area (NE Spain). J Chromatogr A 1052(1-2) 111-120... 

Therefore, a C13-AE, a cationic (quaternary ammonium) surfactant (quat), an amphoteric Ci2-alkylamido betaine, and the non-ionic fatty acid diethanol amide (FADA) as presented with their FIA-MS spectra in Fig. 2.5.12(a)-(d) were analysed as pure blends and as mixtures always obtained from two blends in FIA-MS multiple ion detection mode (MID). Mixtures as well as pure blends contained identical concentrations of surfactant homologues. For AE quantitation the mass traces of all A m/z 44 equally spaced homologues (m/z 306-966) of the C13-AE were recorded. The cationic (quaternary ammonium) surfactant, the amphoteric Ci2-alkylamido betaine, and the non-ionic FADA were quantified recording the mass traces at m/z 214 and 228, or 184, 212, 240, 268, 285, 296, 313, 324 and 341, or 232,260, 288, 316 and 344, respectively. 

Fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid mono- and diethanolamides Fatty acid mono- (FAMA) and diethanol amides (FADA) with the general formula (C,32n+1-C(0)N(HyCH2-CH2-0H)2 x = l or 0) are presented with their general structural formulae in Fig. 2.9.28(a) and (b). These surfactants have found a widespread application in household and personal care formulations because of their quite good... 

The MS analysis using ESI was applied for the determination of an unknown surfactant compound contained in an extract of a shampoo formulation [44]. MS leading to sequential product ions helped to identify the constituents. The MS4 experiments together with other spectral observations confirmed the hypothesis that the unknown compound was a N-( 2-aminoethyl) fatty acid amide with the general formula R-C(0)-NH(CH2-CH2-N)R/R,/. An authentic sample of the proposed laury ampho mono acetate (LAMA) (R = -CH2-CH2-OH and R" = -CH2-CH2-COOH) that was available led to the same [M + H]+ parent ion at m/z 345. The fragmentation that could be observed under ESI-FIA-MS-MS(+) conditions resulted in an intensive examination of amide surfactants. However, only two of them—lauryl diethanol amide ([M + H]+ m/z 288), a non-ionic surfactant and laurylamido-(3-propyl betaine ([M + H]+ m/z 343)—... 

In this chapter, all four types of sediment and sludge sample handling techniques for non-ionic surfactants will be discussed and compared. Most of the studies published on non-ionics focus on APEOs and their degradation products, viz. the alkylphenols, but some extraction methods for alcohol ethoxylates (AEOs) and coconut diethanol amides will also be discussed. 

Non-ionic surfactants containing an amide group This group of non-ionic surfactants comprises different sub-groups, such as polyethoxylated amides, fatty acid diethanol amides, aminosu-gars and dialkyl disugar amides (gemini surfactants). 

Other non-ionic surfactants in the Mediterranean Sea Data on the marine occurrence of non-ionic surfactants other than APEO is very limited. Petrovic et al. reported alcohol ethoxylate (AE) concentrations along the coast of Spain of <0.1-15 p,g L-1 and coconut diethanol amide (CDA) concentrations of <0.05-24 p,g L-1, the highest concentrations present at sites receiving high amounts of industrial and domestic wastewater [9],... 

SYNS BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)LAURAMIDE N,N-BIS(HYDROXYETHYL)LAURAMIDE N,N-BIS(p-HYDROXYETHYL)LAURAMIDE N,N-BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)LAURAxMIDE CLINDROL lOlCG CLINDROL SUPERAMIDE lOOL COCO DIETHANOL-AMIDE COCONUT OIL AMIDE of DIETHANOLAMINE COMPERLAN LD CONDENSATE PL CRILLON L.D.E. DIETHANOLLAURAMIDE N.N-DIETHANOLLAURAMIDE N,N-DIETHANOLLAURIC ACID AMIDE EMID 6511 EMID 6541 ETHYLAN MLD HETAMIDE iML LAURAMDE DEA LAURIC ACID DIETHANOLAMIDE LAURIC DIETHANOL-... 

Fatty alkanol amides, such as LMMEA (lauric/myristic monoethanol amide), LMDEA (lauric/myristic diethanol amide), CDEA (cocodiethanol amide), and CMEA (cocomonoethanol amide). (Although recently there have been negative reports about DEA, diethanol amides [21].)... 

Raw Materi als % by Wei oht Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 8 Dodecylbenzene sulfonate, TEA salt 4 Surfonic N-95 4 Laurie diethanol amide 2 Sodium xylene sulfonate 6 Water 76... 

Cocodiethanol amide or Laurie Diethanol amide Trisodium Phosphate Sodium Metasilicate, 5H20 Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether Water, dye, perfume... 

Calamide C Liquid coconut diethanol amide super amide Pi 1 ot... 

FA-diethanol amide. Mixed coconut fatty acid (100% active)... 

Ninol 11-CM Coconut diethanol amide, modified Stepan... 

RAW MATERIAL Ninol 30-LL Surfactant CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION Laurie diethanol amide SOURCE Stepan... 

Ninol 40C0 Surfactant Coconut diethanol amide Stepan... 

Sodium lauryl ether sulfate (28%) (4) Coconut diethanol amide (5)... 

Sodium hydroxide (50%) Sodium bicarbonate Calcium carbonate (2) C12-15 linear alcohol, Coconut diethanol amide... 

Only the apphcation of LC-MS analysis can be conceived of as reliable surfactant analysis. To elaborate determination methods for the analysis of the anionic surfactant mixture of alkyl ethoxysuUates (AES) APCI and ESI-MS(-t/-) studies combined with in-source MS/MS examinations were performed and results were compared (cf. Pig. 15.4 and 15.5 and 15.3.3.2 ESI, surfactants). APCI fragment ion spectra revealed the aUcyl chain length and the number of ethoxylate moieties therefore APCI was found to be the method of choice [326]. To confirm determination methods apphed in surfactant analyses an inter-laboratory comparison study of LC-MS techniques and enzyme-hnked immunosorbent assay for the determination of surfactants in wastewaters was performed in seven laboratories. The quantitative determination of the non-ionic NPEOs, AEOs, coconut diethanol amides (CDEAs) and the anionic LAS, NPEO-sulfates and the secondary alkane sulfonates (SAS) was performed under APCI or ESI-interfacing conditions in positive or negative... 

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