Dermatitis balsam Peru

In a retrospective analysis of North American patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis, balsam-of-Peru tree was the second most common allergen, with 11.6% of people tested producing positive reactions (Zug et al. 2009). Similarly, a retrospective study of patch test data from Denmark between 1985 and 2007 indicated that of the 16,173 patients tested, approximately 4% tested positively to balsam-of-Peru tree (Thyssen et al. 2008). 

Balsam Peru is one of the most common contact allergens. Dermatitis as a result of contact with this balsam is documented in many countries.A double-blind, placebo-controlled study found that taken orally, balsam of Peru caused allergic dermatitis to flare. ... 

Rudzki E, Grzywa Z. Immediate reactions to balsam of Peru, cassia oil and ethyl vanillin. Contact Dermatitis 1976 2(6) 360-1. 

Hausen BM, Simatupang T, Bruhn G, Evers P, Koenig WA. Identification of new allergenic constituents and proof of evidence for coniferyl benzoate in balsam of Peru. Am J Contact Dermatitis 1995 6 199-208. 

Temesvari E, Soos G, Podanyi B, Kovacs I, Nemeth I. Contact urticaria provoked by balsam of Peru. Contact Dermatitis 1978 4(2) 65-8. 

Cancian M, Fortina AB, Peserico A. Contact urticaria syndrome from constituents of balsam of Peru and fragrance mix in a patient with chronic urticaria. Contact Dermatitis 1999 41(5) 300. 

Bruynzeel DP, van den Hoogenband HM, Koedijk F. Purpuric vasculitis-like eruption in a patient sensitive to balsam of Peru. Contact Dermatitis 1984 ll(4) 207-9. 

In one case, allergic contact dermatitis to tea tree oil presented with an extensive erythema multiforme-like reaction (16). However, a skin biopsy from a target-like lesion showed a spongiotic dermatitis without the features of erythema multiforme. Five months after treatment with systemic and topical glucocorticoids, patch testing elicited a 3+ reaction to old, oxidized tea tree oil, a 2+ reaction to fresh tea tree oil, a 2+ reaction to colophony, a 1+ reaction to abitol, and a 1+ reaction to balsam of Peru. 

Hausen BM, Evers P, Stuwe HT, Konig WA, Wollenweber E. Propolis allergy (IV). Studies with further sensitizers from propolis and constituents common to propolis, poplar buds and balsam of Peru. Contact Dermatitis 1992 26(l) 34-44. 

A 46-year-old Chinese man developed an allergic contact dermatitis to tea tree oil, colophony, balsam of Peru, and abitol. He had used the tea tree oil under an occlusive dressing on a superficial abrasion on his left shin for 2 weeks, after which the treated area became red and itchy. During the next week, skin lesions appeared on his trunk and extremities, and were diagnosed as an erythema multiforme-hke id reaction. 

Kroons S. Standard photopatch testing with waxter,para-aminobenzonic acid, potassium chromate and balsam of Peru. Contact Dermatitis 1983 9 5-9. 

Pfutzner, W., P. Thomas, A. Niedermeier, et al. 2003. Systemic contact dermatitis elicited by oral intake of balsam of Peru. Acta Derm. Venereal. 83(4) 294-295. 

Benzoin tincture contains 10% benzoin in alcohol, while the compound formulation also contains 2% aloes, 8% storax, and 4% tolu balsam in alcohol. Occasionally, allergic contact dermatitis occurs to these preparations or derivatives in Ar-ning s tincture (besides benzoin, tumenol ammonium, anthrarobin, and ether), adhesives, water repellent barrier creasms, lozenges, and cosmetics (Spott and Shelley 1970). Cross-reactions occur to balsam of Peru, storax, eugenol, vanilla, a-pinene, benzyl alcohol, and benzyl cinnamate (Hjorth 1961). 

Friis B, Hjorth N (1973) Immediate reactions to patch tests with balsam of Peru. Contact Dermatitis Newslett 13 389... 

Oxholm A, Heidenheim M, Larsen E, Batsberg W, Menne T (1990) Extraction and patch testing of methylcinnamate, a newly recognized fraction of balsam of Peru. Am J Contact Dermat 1 43-46... 

Benzoic acid is used as a typical preservative in cosmetics and other topical preparations (concentration 0.1-0.2%). It is a constituent of Balsam of Peru and Balsam of Tolu. Allergic contact dermatitis (cheilitis) was reported from a toothpaste (Aguirre and Izu 1993). 

Fisher AA, Dooms-Goossens A (1976) The effect of perfume ageing on the allergenicity of individual perfume ingredients. Contact Dermatitis 2 155-159 Fisher AA (1980) Perfume dermatitis. Part 1. General considerations and testing procedures. Cutis 26 458-463,477 Fisher AA (1990) Perfume dermatitis in children sensitized to balsam of Peru in topical agents. Cutis 45 21-23 Fisher AA (1995) Consort contact dermatitis due to musk ambrette. Cutis 55 199-200... 

Opdyke DLJ (1976) Inhibition of sensitization reactions induced by certain aldehydes. Fd Cosmet Toxicol 14 197-198 Panconesi E, Sertoli A, Spallanzani P, Giorgini S (1980) Balsam of Peru sensitivity from a perfumed cutting fluid in a laser factory. Contact Dermatitis 6 297-298 Parodi G, Guerrera M, Rebora A (1987) Lichenoid photocontact dermatitis to musk ambrette. Contact Dermatitis 16 136-138... 

Rudzki E, Grzywa Z (1976) Immediate reactions to balsam of Peru, cassia oil and ethyl vanillin. Contact Dermatitis 2 360 Rudzki E, Rebandel P, Grzywa Z (1993) Occupational dermatitis from cosmetic creams. Contact Dermatitis 29 210 Safford RJ, Basketter DA, Allenby CF, Goodwin BFJ (1990) Immediate contact reactions to chemicals in the fragrance mix and a study of the quenching action of eugenol. Br J Dermatol 123 595-606... 

Swinyer LJ (1980) Connubial contact dermatitis to atranorin in lichens. Contact Dermatitis 6 226 Szczurko C, Dompmartin A, Michel M, Moreau A, Leroy D (1994) Photocontact allergy to oxybenzone ten years of experience. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 10 144-147 Temesvari E, Soos G, Podanyi, Kovacs I, Nemeth I (1978) Contact urticaria provoked by balsam of Peru. Contact Dermatitis 4 65—68... 

Bruze M (1986) Simultaneous reactions to phenol-formaldehyde resins colophony/hydroabietyl alcohol and balsam of Peru/ perfume mixture. Contact Dermatitis 14 119 Burge PS (1984) Occupational asthma, rhinitis and alveolitis due to colophony. In Pepys J (ed) Clinics in immunology and allergy. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 55-81 Burry JN (1976) Contact dermatitis from radiata pine. Contact Dermatitis 2 262-263... 

Bruze M (1986) Simultaneous reactions to phenol-formaldehyde resins colophony/hydroabietyl alcohol and balsam of Peru/ perfume mixture. Contact Dermatitis 14 119-120... 

Of all forms of contact dermatitis in chefs, sensitivity to garlic [252, 253] is perhaps best known and recognizable, and while it is usually thought of as causing delayed hypersensitivity reactions, immediate sensitivity is also reported [254]. In some countries, hand dermatitis in housewives (if one considers this occupational) which seems nonspecific may actually be caused by garlic dermatitis in 12.9% of housewives tested [252]. However, most such reactions are seen as occupational dermatitis, especially in caterers and other food-service occupations. Caterers and chefs are also at risk for sensitization to flavors, for which balsam of Peru is one marker [255]. 

Beekeepers may be exposed to allergens found in propolis. Occupational dermatitis from balsam of Peru, propolis and poplar extract was reported in a beekeeper [264]. Persons sensitive to propolis are frequently sensitive to balsam of Peru, and there is an overlap of reactivity with poplar buds [265]. 

Mitchell JC (1975) Patch testing with some compounds of 269. balsam of Peru. Contact Dermatitis 1 329-331... 

Veien, N.K., et al., 1985. Reduction of intake of balsams in patients sensitive to balsam of Peru. Cont. Dermat., 12 270-273. 

Apart from its usage in bakery, cooking, confectionery, toothpastes and dentifrices, perfumes, cosmetics and on toothpicks, oil of cinnamon may be incorporated in proprietary medicines. Calnan(57 ) reported 6 patients with an allergic contact dermatitis from the use of a proprietary antiseptic ointment (TCP ointment), containing oil of cinnamon. Three were positive and three negative to balsam of Peru. Two of the latter cases and one other also reacted to cinnamic aldehyde. 

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