Musk ambrette

Musk ambrette, which is usually regarded as the finest of all the artificial musks, is a nitro-compound of the methyl ether of butyl-meta-cresol, usually described as dinitro-butyl- ieia-cresol methyl ether. It should melt at 85°. 

MA Musk ambrette (l-fert-butyl-2,4-dimethyl-6-methoxy-3,5-dinitrobenzene)... 

The light-induced yellowing of musk ambrette 48 is simulated41 by photolysis of 48 in 0.1 N methanolic sodium hydroxide solution to give the azobenzene 50 (through the intermediacy of azoxybenzene) and by-products 51 and 52, by intramolecular photocyclization (equation 36). 

Hawkins DR, Elsom LF, Kirkpatrick D, Ford RA, Api AM (2002) Dermal absorption and disposition of musk ambrette, musk ketone and musk xylene in human subjects. Toxicol Lett 131 147-151... 

Morpholinomethyl)-3-[(5-nitrofurfurylidene)amino]-2-oxazolidinone Musk ambrette Musk xylene Mustard gas... 

Our next example emphasises one aspect of guideline 1. Some functional groups are so deactivating that it is difficult to do any further chemistry once they have been inserted. In other contexts it may be that they are so unstable that we would not wish to risk any further reactions. Musk ambrette 6 is a synthetic musk, essential in perfumes to enhance and retain the fragrance. It has five substituents round a benzene ring. Two of these, the nitro groups, are so deactivating that we want to add them last. So we disconnect them first. 

Cosmetic products that are photoallergenic include fragrances, such as musk ambrette and 6-methylcoumarin, and sunscreens (e.g., para-aminobenzoic acid and its derivatives, benzophenones, dibenzoylmethanes).17 Oil of bergamot, previously a popular ingredient in fragrances, has now been eliminated from most perfumes due to its phototoxic properties.24... 

The base note also contains the important accord between methyl ionone (10%), vetiveryl acetate, sandalwood, musk ketone, and originally musk ambrette. These materials together with the carnation make up the immediately recognizable central character of the perfume. 

Nitromusks, 117. 121. 126. 231. See also Musk ambrette, Musk ketone, Musk xylene... 

Musk ambrette, a perfume ingredient (from compounds with 7 carbons or fewer)... 

Musk Ambrette 83-66-9 1 -tert-Butyl-2-methoxy-4-m ethyl- CfCHala... 

Furthermore, it has to be noted that the nitro groups in the NMCs are metabolized by microorganisms and animals such as fish and rats. It is known that aromatic amines (substituted anilines) are acetylated to acetanilides. Some of these compounds possess anti-androgenic properties [351 b, c, d]. It is supposed that some N-acetylated metabolites of NMCs, e.g. 2-methyl-3-nitro-4-methoxy-5-ferf-butyl-acetanilide (metabolite of musk ambrette) and 4-ferf-butyl-2,6-di-methyl-3,5-dinitro-acetanilide (metabolite of musk xylene) are bound to the androgen receptor (AR) and may act as weak anti-andxogens [351 e]. 

SYNS 2,6-DINITRO-3-METHOXY-4-tert-BUTYLTOLUENE MUSK AMBRETTE... 

RIFM has recommended discontinuance of the use of acetylethyl tetramethyltetralin, 6-methylcoumarin, musk ambrette, and musk ketone. Another self-imposed ingredient restriction concerns the use of potential nitrosating agents in products containing various (secondary) alkanol amines, in light of the hazard of nitrosamine formation. In the European Union, (E.U.), the use of tri- and di-ethanolamine is restricted. 

Hexachlorophene Homosalate Menthyl anthranilate 6-Methylcoumarin Musk ambrette... 

Miscellaneous Sulfonamides, phenothiazides, 4,6-dichlorophenylphenol, quinoxaline-1,4-di-Af-oxide, musk ambrette... 

Pure meto-cresol has been used for manufacture of synthetic musk— musk ambrette, used as a fixative to perfumes, for manufacture of synthetic Thymol and Menthol amd also leather preservative p-chloro-meto-cresol, synthetic pyre-throids, and lastly for manufacture of 2,3,6-trimethylphe-nol—an intermediate for vitamin E. o-Cresol has been used for manufacture of Coumarin and some derivatives which are employed in perfumery as fixative. o-Cresol has also been used for making Novolac and epoxy resins and also for the herbicides based on di-nitro-oAt/io-cresol, etc. In sum, individual cresols have been very successfully converted to important intermediates in the organic chemical synthesis. It is expected that further development work will lead to synthesis of many more organic chemicals of vital importance. While new chemicals using individual cresols are in the pipeline... 

Some of the widely used synthetic fixatives are amyl benzoate, phenethyl, phenyl acetate, cinnamic alcohol esters, acetophenone, musk ambrette, musk ketone, musk xylols, vanillin, coumarin, etc. [41]. 

Musk ambrette Styrallyl propionate Phenyl ethyl cinnamate... 

Among the synthetic musks used as perfumery fixatives, musk ambrette made from m-cresol is still very popular though it has been reported that many companies no longer use it as it has been declared as carcinogenic. Coumarin a major perfumery fixative and also a food additive is made from o-cresol. 

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