Superficial abrasion

A 46-year-old Chinese man developed an allergic contact dermatitis to tea tree oil, colophony, balsam of Peru, and abitol. He had used the tea tree oil under an occlusive dressing on a superficial abrasion on his left shin for 2 weeks, after which the treated area became red and itchy. During the next week, skin lesions appeared on his trunk and extremities, and were diagnosed as an erythema multiforme-hke id reaction. 

Day 4 after EPS preceded by superficial abrasion with 3M Wetordry sandpaper P220. 

To maintain results, the peels are repeated, and from time to time a simple, superficial abrasion is performed. 

These lesions were deeper into the dermis than the superficial abrasions noted when bioelastic matrix patches were present. 

An erythematous, glazed, velvety maceration area of one or more folds is the usual clinical picture. There is often a collarette of desquamation at the periphery (Fig. 13). Similar lesions can also develop under the rings. In those cases, it is thought that the candidosis is triggered by a previous skin irritation, mainly due to detergents and/or sugar this could explain the occurrence of the disease in bakeries, confectioner s shops, chocolate factories, the fruit-packing trade, etc. Minor trauma (such as superficial abrasions) could initiate the infection. 

Topical antibiotics exert a direct local effect on specific microorganisms and may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic. Bacitracin (Baciguent) inhibits the cell wall synthesis. Bacitracin, gentamicin (G-myticin), erythromycin (Emgel), and neomycin are examples of topical antibiotics. These drugp are used to prevent superficial infections in minor cuts, wounds, skin abrasions, and minor burns. Erythromycin is also indicated for treatment of acne vulgaris. 

Superficial ulceration presents clinically as an abrasion, blister, or shallow crater. 

These data, taken together, demonstrate that topical application of rifaximin represents an effective and safe treatment of pyogenic skin infections. An additional application of this dermatological formulation would be infection prophylaxis in superficial skin wounds, particularly when used with a dressing that occludes the wound. Prophylactic topical antibiotic use makes particular sense for wounds in which the risk of infection is high, such as those that are likely to be contaminated (accidental wounds, lacerations, abrasions, and burns). Because all traumatic wounds should be considered contaminated, topical antibiotics are a logical measure to prevent wound... 

Superficial ocular infections Ophthalmic fb-inch ribbon in conjunctival sac q3-4h. Skin abrasions, superficial skin infections Topical Apply to affected area 1-5 times a... 

Ointments can be used routinely for superficial corneal abrasions. However, any abrasion involving corneal tissues deeper than the epithelium should be managed on an individual basis depending on the configuration of the wound edges. 

Both conditions can cause a wide range of symptoms, the most common a foreign body sensation and a red irritated eye. Severe or debilitating symptomatology is a result of corneal surface damage, including corneal abrasion and superficial punctate keratitis. Corneal hypoesthesia with subsequent neurotrophic ulceration is also possible. 

Because most corneal abrasions involve loss of only the superficial epithelial cells, the lesions generally heal in 24 to 72 hours without scar formation. As the cornea is monitored during follow-up care, it is important to determine that the signs and symptoms are consistent with the healing of a clean abrasion and that bacterial or fungal keratitis does not develop, particularly in abrasions caused by vegetative matter. Once the acute care aspects associated with the abrasion are resolved, it is helpful to discuss with the patient the appropriateness of protective eyewear, particularly if the patient is monocular. Protective eyewear may be needed in occupational, domestic, or recreational settings. 

Film dressings are used in the treatment of a wide range of conditions, including pressure ulcers, burns, abrasions, and donor sites. In a dermabrasion, hemostasis must first be obtained and the margin of the wound dried before the film is applied. In its application for the treatment of burns, careful disinfection must precede the positioning of the film and it is only recommended for application to superficial and clinically clean burns. The use of films is contraindicated for deep burns as they retard the separation of necrotic tissue. 

Rarely, amantadine causes visual impairment due to corneal abrasions, local edema, and superficial keratitis (14). 

Nogaki H, Morimatsu M. Superficial punctate keratitis and corneal abrasion due to amantadine hydrochloride. J Neurol 1993 240(6) 388-9. 

There is one product containing an abrasive licensed for acne treatment. It contains small, gritty particles in a skin wash, intended to remove follicular plugs mechanically. It is contraindicated in the presence of superficial venules or capillaries (telangiectasia), and overenthusiastic use can cause irritation. There is little evidence of the effectiveness of abrasive preparations in acne. 

Superficial Easy TCA or 10-15% m/m solutions, depending on number of coats and preparation, or in combination (e.g. Abrasion, Dry Ice, Jessner)... 

Only the most superficial layer of the stratum corneum should be removed. Any deeper abrasion that destroys the stratum corneum completely is to be avoided, as the active components of the EPS would penetrate the skin too quickly and soon saturate its defenses, its buffer capacity. When using this abrasive technique, it is essential to have the necessary equipment at hand to neutralize the peel (see the section on neutralizing glycolic acid in Chapter 9) in case it penetrates more deeply than desired. This technique can be repeated at a minimum of 2-weekly intervals only. 

This depth of abrasion provides only low-quality topical anesthesia and the peel itself will be painful and too superficial. 

Objectively the keratinocyte touch is still negative -although the fingers can be felt to brake slightly as they slide from the healthy zone to the abraded zone, they still slide easily over the skin. Grade 1 sandpaper abrasion does not provide adequate topical anesthesia, and the peel is still painful and too superficial. 

Scrubbing the skin with abrasive scrubs or excessive face washing does not necessarily open or cleanse pores. Follicular plugging originates too deeply to be affected by superficial epidermal scrubbing, which often leads to skin irritation. 

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