Creams, cosmetic

Primary human skin irritation of tetradecanol, hexadecanol, and octadecanol is nil they have been used for many years ia cosmetic creams and ointments (24). Based on human testing and iudustrial experience, the linear, even carbon number alcohols of 6—18 carbon atoms are not human skin sensitizers, nor are the 7-, 9- and 11-carbon alcohols and 2-ethylhexanol. Neither has iudustrial handling of other branched alcohols led to skin problems. Inhalation hazard, further mitigated by the low vapor pressure of these alcohols, is slight. Sustained breathing of alcohol vapor or mist should be avoided, however, as aspiration hazards have been reported (25). 

Microcapsules are used in several film coatings other than carbonless paper. Encapsulated Hquid crystal formulations coated on polyester film are used to produce a variety of display products including thermometers. Polyester film coated with capsules loaded with leuco dyes analogous to those used in carbonless copy paper is used as a means of measuring line and force pressures (79). Encapsulated deodorants that release their core contents as a function of moisture developed because of sweating represent another commercial appHcation. Microcapsules are incorporated in several cosmetic creams, powders, and cleansing products (80). 

Here the TEWL-value measurements showed that Kujalnik peloids and magnesium pelobischofite complex salutary potentize each other in their mixtures and provide the effective preservation of acidic mantle of the skin. Besides, the pelobischofite addition to the cosmetic cream compositions results in the effective coverlet moistening. Also, the pelobischofite addition provides the decrease of the negative surfactants effect on the skin health. The TWL parameter value is less by half, the water balance of the skin is normalized and the wrinkled skin becomes smoothed out and velvety. 

Due to their excellent emulsifying properties, sodium alcohol sulfates are used as emulsifiers for cosmetic creams. In particular, cetylstearyl sulfate in combination with fatty alcohols is used as an emulsifier for ointments. 

Formulate hypothesis Due to the creamy nature of the sample contained in a tin container, you hypothesize that this is a container of a medicinal or cosmetic cream. 

D-Glucitol (Sorbitol or Hexanhexol), HOCH2(CHaOH)4CH2OH raw 182.17, ndls (with lA or 1 w), tnp about ll0°(dry), -100° or less (with w), very hygr when dry sol in w hot ale. Found in various fruits prepd by sodium amalgam reduction of d-sorbose or by pressure hydrogenation of dextrose with Ni catalyst. Used far prepn of ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), for synthesis of resins, surface-active agents, varnishes, syrups, cosmetic creams aod for explosive Sorbitol Hexanitrate... 

The uses of beeswax are many, including church candles, electrotypers and pattern makers wax, cosmetic creams, adhesive tape, munition shells, modelling of flowers, shoe paste constituent, etc. The United States consumes about 8 million pounds of beeswax annually, more than half of which it imports from foreign countries. 

The unsaponifiables of woolwax, known as woolwax alcohols, are in considerable demand by cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Woolwax has a great affinity for water, of which it will absorb 25 to 30%. Refined woolwax is kneaded with water to produce a water-white, colorless oiiilmenL, known as hydrous lanolin or lanolin USP. Anhydrous lanolin is widely used in cosmetic creams, since it is readily absorbed by the skin. It is also used m leather dressings and shoe pastes, as a superfatting agent for toilet soap, as a protective coating for metals, etc. United States consumption of wool wax is about 1.5 million lb/year. 

The new protocols presented here deal with the direct evaluation of antioxidant global capacity applied to skin and dermo-cosmetic creams. The analyses are performed directly in the medium without pre-treatment of the samples. This allows a simple and noninvasive measurement without introducing any possible interference. Moreover, cyclic voltammetry provides results in quasi-real time, allowing the direct monitoring of reaction kinetics. 

A lot of dermo-cosmetic creams provide antioxidants to skin, in order to protect it from external aggressions. The choice of the active species, the determination of their concentration and the study of their possible interactions require the development of analytical techniques. Electrochemical studies dealing with the analysis of creams systematically involve modification of the sample by expensive operations dilution, extraction, filtration, heating, etc. [24,25]. These protocols do not allow the study of the overall interactions between the components. Moreover, the evaluation of the variation of the properties of the cream is difficult because of the low resolution time of the measurements. 

Cyclic voltammetry in cosmetic creams and on skin surface... 

Charge density on platinum, gold and vitreous carbon in seven commercial dermo-cosmetic creams... 

Cyclic voltammetry proved to be a convenient method to reveal the oxido-reduction properties of the skin and of dermo-cosmetic creams. On the one hand, using microelectrodes, it was for the first time possible to evaluate the antioxidant properties on the skin surface. This simple protocol allowed to study in real time the global oxido-reductive state and to determine several antioxidant species. On the other hand, results showed the effect of oxidative stress on the evolution of the antioxidant properties of dermo-cosmetic products in time. 

Dendrimers 802, 812 Dermo-cosmetic creams e59, e61, e63, e65, e67 Desorption 808 DETA/NO e207 Detection 725 limit 80, 235-236, 239, 243 of cadmium ions e37 Determination of cesium el5 of diabetes 112 of radicals e79, e81 of selectivity coefficients el6 of the LOD 37... 

Direct electrochemical measurements in dermo-cosmetic creams... 

DIRECT ELECTROCHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS PERFORMED IN DERMO-COSMETIC CREAMS... 

As a result, quantification of species can be realised in dermo-cosmetic creams with a calibration in the emulsion chemical reactions coupled to electrochemical phenomena were observed. 

C. Guitton, P. Gros, M. Comtat, R. Tarroux and P. Bordat, Evaluation of antioxidant properties of dermo-cosmetic creams by direct electrochemical measurements, J. Cosmet. Sci., 56 (2005) 79-90. 

Cosmetic creams and lotions may be formulated with ingredient designed to penetrate the outer layer of the skin (the stratum corneum), or explicitly not to enter this layer. Liposomes can be a useful means of delivering selected chemical species since they form lamellar liquid crystalline structures on the surface of skin, do not disrupt the outermost layer of skin and therefore do not cause skin irritation [236]. See also Section 14.2 on vesicles and drug delivery. 

Sanchez-Perez, J., Sanz, T., and Garcfa-Dlez, A., Allergic contact dermatitis from hydrolyzed wheat protein in a cosmetic cream, Contact Dermatitis, 42, 360, 2000. 

Shaffrali, F.C.G. and Gawkrodger, D.J., Contact dermatitis from soybean extract in a cosmetic cream, Contact Dermatitis, 44, 51, 2001. 

Vaijonen, E., Petman, L., and Makinen-Kiljunen, S., Immediate contact allergy from hydrolyzed wheat in a cosmetic cream, Allergy, 55, 294, 2000. 

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