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Deoxyribonucleic acid primary

Nucleic acids are acidic substances present m the nuclei of cells and were known long before anyone suspected they were the primary substances involved m the storage transmission and processing of genetic information There are two kinds of nucleic acids ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) Both are complicated biopolymers based on three structural units a carbohydrate a phosphate ester linkage between carbohydrates and a heterocyclic aromatic compound The heterocyclic aro matic compounds are referred to as purine and pyrimidine bases We 11 begin with them and follow the structural thread... [Pg.1155]

Deoxyribonucleic acid A polymer of subunits called deoxyribonucleotides which is the primary genetic material of a cell, the material equivalent to genetic information. [NIH]... [Pg.65]

A typical molecular analysis of various micro-organisms is shown in Table 5.9U ) Most of the elemental composition of cells is found in three basic types of materials—proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. In Table 5.10, the molecular composi-tion of a bacterium is shown in more detail. Water is the major component of the cell and accounts for 80-90 per cent of the total weight, whilst proteins form the next most abundant group of materials and these have both structural and functional properties. Most of the protein present will be in the form of enzymes. Nucleic acids are found in various forms—ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Their primary function is the storage, transmission and... [Pg.272]

In many ways, hydrogen bonds are responsible for life on Earth. They cause water to be a liquid rather than a gas at ordinary temperatures, and they are the primary intermolecular force that holds huge biomolecules in the shapes needed to play their essential roles in biochemistry. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), for instance, contains two long molecular strands coiled around each other and held together by hydrogen bonds. [Pg.389]

W13. Wold, R. T., Young, F. E., Tan, E. M., andFarr, R. S., Deoxyribonucleic acid antibody A method to detect its primary interaction with deoxyribonucleic acid. Science 161, 806-807 (1968). [Pg.172]

DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid. The nucleic acid that carries the genetic information of an organism. It is the primary component of chromosomes. [Pg.91]

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are both biopolymers of nucleic acids, but they have minor structural differences that lead to major functional differences. All living cells use DNA as the primary genetic material that is passed from one generation to another. DNA directs and controls the synthesis of RNA, which serves as a short-lived copy of part of the much larger DNA molecule. Then, the cellular machinery translates the nucleotide sequence of the RNA molecule into a sequence of amino acids needed to make a protein. [Pg.1143]

DNA. Deoxyribonucleic acid. A polydeoxyribonucleotide in which the sugar is deoxyribose the main repository of genetic information in all cells and most viruses, or "Deoxyribonucleic acid". The nucleic acid which carries the genetic code of an organism. It is the primary component of chromosomes. [Pg.509]

Ionizing radiation arises from the photoelectric effect, the Compton effect, or ion pair production. Gamma radiation causes local and intense damage and may break chemical bonds. The primary target is the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the micro-organism. In addition, free radicals may be formed, such as peroxides that result in intracellular and extracellular peroxides by a chain reaction that causes damage. [Pg.3900]

The primary genetic material is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). This biopolymer is made up of four types of monomer units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of three parts ... [Pg.950]

Williamson R (1970) Properties of rapidly labelled deoxyribonucleic acid fragments isolated from the cytoplasm of primary cultures of embryonic mouse liver cells. J Mol Biol 51 157-168... [Pg.155]

Floxuridine is a pyrimidine antimetabolite with its primary effect to interfere with the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and to a lesser extent inhibit the formation of ribonucleic acid (RNA). It is indicated in palliative management of GI adenocarcinoma metastatic to the liver administered by continuous regional intra-arterial infusion as long as cancer does not extend beyond the area perfused by a single artery. Floxuridine, an antimetabolite and anti-neoplastic agent (0.1 to 0.6 mg/kg daily by intra-arterial infusion), is used to treat brain, breast, head, neck, liver, gallbladder, and bile duct cancer (see also Figure 15). [Pg.274]

The order of the amino acids in a protein dictates the primary stmcture of the protein. While other levels of stmcture are important, they all follow from the order of the residues. The primary stmcture is dictated by genetic information found in a cell deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) contains the code that directs which amino acids are linked together. The processes by which the genetic code is read and proteins are synthesized are called transcription and translation. [Pg.1060]

The primary role of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is to direct the synthesis of proteins. DNA, however, is located in the nucleus of the cell, and... [Pg.1064]

Ribonucleic Acid. RNA yeast nucleic acid. Polynucleotide directly involved in protein synthesis found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm oi cells. Description of components of RNA see Nucleic Acids. The Four primary nucleosides are adenosine, guanosine, cytidine and uridine minor nucleosides are also found. The nucleosides are linked by phosphate diester bonds from the 3 -hydroxyl of one D -ribose to the 5 -hydroxyl of the next. The secondary structure of RNA is that of an incompletely Organized single-stranded polynucleotide consisting of some areas with helical structure alternating with non helical lengths. Compere Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA). Structure Brown,... [Pg.1305]

VVThen a beam of ionizing radiation hits living cells, important cell functions may be altered or destroyed. In particular, the replication mechanisms of the cell which are associated with their genetic material, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), are particularly radiosensitive. In order to appreciate fully the biological implications of this damage, further understanding at the chemical level is needed. For these reasons, we are undertaking a detailed study of the reactions of the primary reactive species in water (e aq,-OH) with nucleic acid derivatives. [Pg.400]

The primary blueprint for the amino add sequence of proteins is contained in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) within the cell nucleus. The requisite information is transcribed in the nucleus to ribonucleic acid (RNA) of which there are three types messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These are transferred to the cytoplasm where each plays a specific role in protein synthesis. [Pg.203]

How do DNA and RNA differ DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are the two kinds of nucleic acids. DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, but RNA has ribose in the same position. The difference in the sugars gives rise to differences in their secondary and tertiary structures. The primary structure of nucleic acids is the order of bases in the polynucleotide sequence, and the secondary structure is the three-dimensional conformation of the backbone. The tertiary structure is specifically the supercoUing of the molecule. [Pg.258]

Nitrogen is the one element above all others that we associate with growth. As pointed out in Chapter 14, it is a constituent of proteins, enzymes, chlorophyll, deoxyribonucleic acids that make up the genetic code, amino acids and many intermediates invplved in the synthesis of plant substances. It is characteristically present in comparatively large amounts in the growing tips of plants, hut it can move about readily from one part of the plant to another to meet the primary needs at the time. [Pg.461]


See other pages where Deoxyribonucleic acid primary is mentioned: [Pg.487]    [Pg.1]    [Pg.61]    [Pg.216]    [Pg.534]    [Pg.778]    [Pg.416]    [Pg.127]    [Pg.465]    [Pg.28]    [Pg.39]    [Pg.31]    [Pg.28]    [Pg.360]    [Pg.360]    [Pg.41]    [Pg.18]    [Pg.447]    [Pg.880]    [Pg.2]    [Pg.148]    [Pg.139]    [Pg.182]   


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Primary structure deoxyribonucleic acid

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