Culture collection

National Type Culture Collection (London) number. 

Leuconostoc citrovorum 8081 (American Type Culture Collection number). 

When compared to traditional chemical synthesis, processes based on biocatalysts are generally less reliable. This is due, in part, to the fact that biological systems are inherently complex. In bioprocesses involving whole cells, it is essential to use the same strain from the same culture collection to minimise problems of reproducibility. If cell free enzymes are used the reliability can depend on the purity of the enzyme preparation, for example iso-enzyme composition or the presence of other proteins. It is, therefore, important to consider the commercial source of the enzyme and the precise specifications of the biocatalyst employed. 

A seed culture of S. cerevisiae ATCC 24860 (American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA, USA) was grown in a media of 5g glucose, and 0.5 g yeast extract, respectively, 1.5 g KH2P04 and 2.25 g Na2P04 phosphate buffer up to a total volume of distilled water, 500 ml. The media was sterilised at 121 °C for 15 min. The stock culture of the microorganisms was transferred to the broth media for preparation of seed culture. 

Citric acid fermentation of cane-molasses is by submerged fermentation in a 21 biostat (B. Braun) stirred fermenter. A strain of Aspergillus niger is the most widely used for commercial production. A. niger is also highly recommended in the present study, which can obtained from the American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, Maryland, USA. Molasses... 

American Type Culture Collection, Parklawn Drive, Rockville, Md./USA Ciba Pharmaceutical Products, Inc., Summit, N.J. und Basel, Schweiz... 

ATCC = American Type Culture Collection NCMB = National Collection of Marine Bacteria... 

Kluyveromyces marxianus CCT 3172 was isolated from cocoa fermentations in Bahia, Brazil and has been deposited in the culture collection of the Funda ao Tropical de Pesquisas e Tecnologia "Andre Tosello" (CCT), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 

Candida boidinii (CCY 29-37-13) was obtained as an isolate from contaminated colunm of immobilized polygalacturonase, where 0.5% sodium pectate in 0.1 M acetate buffer, pH 4.6 was used as a substrate. Four other strains for comparison were obtained from Culture Collection of Yeasts, Institute of Chemistry (strains CCY 29-37-1, CCY 29-37-2, CCY 29-37-8, CCY 29-37-12). 

The cultivation of this yeast strain on pectin medium showed optimal grow conditions. The behaviour of this strain was compared with that of four strains of Candida boidinii from the Culture Collection of Yeasts. The grow curves of all strains on pectin medium showed marked plateau suggesting the presence of two existing C-sources in the pectin medium, requiring two different metabolic paths (Fig. 1). 

Other scientific disciplines required standards. WTien the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) was founded in 1925, one of its chief roles was to be a source of standards for the rapidly developing public health laboratory activity in the USA. In this context we mean standard organisms, rather than standard materials or chemicals, but their use was analogous, they helped produce better analytical data. 

The reproducibility of a determination is a critical element of a standard method, so they are carefully written to ensure that they can be followed accurately by any qualified laboratory. The designated test biological RMs must not only be reproducible in their reactions to the performance tests, but they must also respond in a predicable manner. In order to guarantee that the same strain of microorganisms could always be available, many of these biological RMs have been deposited with the ATCC and other culture collections around the world. 

Edwards MJ, ed. (1997) ATCC QC and reference strains, ist edn. American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, MD. 

Jong, SC, Birmingham, JM and Cypess RH (1998). Internal quality control audits for microbiology laboratories in culture collections. SIM News 48 66-69. 

American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 10801 University Blvd. 

A strain is a pure culture containing only the descendants of a single parent cell since there is no standardized system for giving numbers to strains, each laboratory uses its own system. Many strains of bacteria are maintained for study in international culture collections but some bacteria have not yet been grown in the absence of other organisms. 

When a species of bacterium is identified in a research report, its microscopic appearance and its cultural and biochemical characteristics should be compared if possible with those of an official type strain obtained from a culture collection. Determining the nucleotide sequence of a single gene,... 

Strain with ATCC number could be obtained from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). 

Agricultural Research Service Culture Collection (ARS) also frequently referred to as NRRL Culture Collection. 

BioCISE, Resource Identification for a Biological Collection Information Service in Europe. Bioguide Culture Collections (United Kingdom). 

China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC). 

China Committee of Culture Collection for Microorganisms (CCCCM). 

Chinese Center for Industrial Culture Collection (CICC). 

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