Biochemical characteristics

Biochemical characteristics (plasma levels of alanine and aspartate transminases, alkaline phosphatase, triglycerides, cholesterol, urea, uric acid, allantoin, glucose, protein, albumin, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus urine levels of protein and glucose). 

Rogers, P., and McElroy, W. D. (1955). Biochemical characteristics of aldehyde and luciferase mutants of luminous bacteria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 41 67-70. 

Cross-linking agents have been proposed for the improvement of chitin fibres in the wet state. Epichlorohydrin is a convenient base-catalysed crosslinker to be used in 0.067 M NaOH (pH 10) at 40 °C. The wet strength of the fibres was considerably improved, whereas cross-hnking had neghgible effect on the dry fibre properties. Of course, the more extended the chemical modification, the more unpredictable the biochemical characteristics and effects in vivo. Every modified chitin or modified chitosan fibre should be studied in terms of biocompatibiUty, biodegradabiUty and overall effects on the wounded tissues. 

Harki, E., Bouya, D., and Dargent, R., Maturation-associated alterations of the biochemical characteristics of the black truffle Tuber melanospomm Vitt., Food Chem., 99, 394, 2006. 

As previously described [2, 11], E. chrysanthemi possesses at least seven pectate lyases. Among them, PelZ seems to belong to a new family. However, its biochemical characteristics, basic optimal pH, calcium dependence and methylation sensitivity corroborate with those of the other pectate lyases of E. chrysanthemi. The weak expression of the pelZ gene and the weak activity of the PelZ protein seem to be correlated with specific environmental conditions. PelZ may act on pectin in synergy with the major pectate lyases. 

Lockhart WL, Uthe JF, Kenney AR, Mehrle PM. 1972. Methylmercury in northern pike Esox lucius). distribution, elimination, and some biochemical characteristics of contaminated fish. J Fish Res Board Can 29 1519-1523. 

W. Verstraete and J. P. Voets, Soil microbial and biochemical characteristics in relation to soil management and fertility. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 9 253 (1977). 

To date, 15 GPI variants have been analyzed at the molecular level, and 16 mis-sense mutations, 1 nonsense mutation, and 1 splicing mutation due to a four-nucleotide deletion have been reported (Fig. 7) (B9, F13, K14, Wl, XI). The GPI gene mutations were heterogeneous, although most GPI variants had common biochemical characteristics such as heat instability and normal kinetic properties. We have determined the molecular abnormalities of four homozygous variants, GPI Matsumoto, GPI Iwate, GPI Narita, and GPI Fukuoka (K14). GPI Narita has a homozygous mutation from A to G at position 1028 (343 Gin to Arg), and the same mutation was reported in an Italian patient, GPI Moscone (B9). The substituted Gin is adjacent to the reported active site residue, 341 Asp. Homozygous missense mutations, C to T at position 14 (5 Thr to lie) and C to T at position 671 (224 Thr to Met) have been identified in GPI Matsumoto and GPI Iwate, respectively. GPI... 

When a species of bacterium is identified in a research report, its microscopic appearance and its cultural and biochemical characteristics should be compared if possible with those of an official type strain obtained from a culture collection. Determining the nucleotide sequence of a single gene,... 

It is important to realize, that diseases such as myocardial infarction or type 2 diabetes represent a heterogeneous group of several distinct subphenotypes definable by clinical or biochemical characteristics. Thus, contradictory findings in pharmacogenomic studies may only not be the consequence of a lack of a major isolated gene effect (of the gene variant studied) and chance findings, but also be caused by the variability in the mix of distinct clinical phenotypes hidden beneath a common characterization such as type 2 diabetes and modulated by differences in the environment between studies. 

Gorinstein S, Martin-Belloso O, Park YS, Haruenkit R, Lojek A, Ciz M, Caspi A, Libman I and Trakhtenberg S. 2001. Comparison of some biochemical characteristics of different citrus fruits. Food Chem 74(3) 309-315. 

The morphological and biochemical characteristics of apoptosis are not always manifest in cells undergoing programmed cell death 612... 

Shi F, Audus KL (1994) Biochemical characteristics of primary and passaged cultures of primate brain microvessel endothelial cells. Neurochem Res 19 427-433... 

Site-directed mutagenesis allows one or more specific amino acids in a protein to be replaced with any of the other 20 coded amino acids that are normally present in proteins [3] and has been utilized extensively to study and modify the biophysical and biochemical characteristics of a wide variety of proteins. Despite its tremendous impact, conventional site-directed mutagenesis suffers from the strict constraint that substitutions are restricted to the 20 primary amino acids. While a tremendous amount of information has been obtained from such substitutions, there are many cases in which the incorporation of a noncoded amino acid could yield more detailed information or enable researchers to investigate or engineer proteins in novel ways. 

Barton, A. D., and R. V. Lourenqo. Bronchial secretions and mucociliary clearance. Biochemical characteristics. Arch. Intern. Med. 131 140-144, 1973. 

In the present review, we focus on the use of MS for the detection of both chemical and biochemical characteristics of bioactive compounds present in complex mixtures. The biochemical assays on which these methodologies are based rely on the direct or indirect detection of binding interactions by MS. 

Table IV. Biochemical Characteristics of Thermostable a-Glucosidase from Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum 39E...

Table V. Biochemical Characteristics of C. thermosulfurogenes Strain 4B Xylose/Glucose Isomerase...

A summary of some biochemical characteristics of amylopullulanase from the three sources is given in Table IV. 

Dichlorobenzene is classified as an organochlorine compound and, as such, shares many of the biochemical characteristics of this class of chemicals, which includes high lipid solubility. A few studies have noted that 1,4-dichlorobenzene will preferentially distribute to adipose tissues in relatively high amounts, compared to accumulations in the liver and kidneys (Hawkins et al. 1980 Charbonneau et al. 1989b Klos and Dekant 1994). Loss of maternal body fat may mobilize 1,4-dichlorobenzene from fat storage deposits in exposed mothers. This mobilization could result in increased blood levels and/or excretion of 1,4-dichlorobenzene and its metabolites from the mother, as well as redistribution to other fat deposition sites, such as the high fat content found in breast milk. 

Table 7.10. Biochemical characteristic of the neurotrophin family of neurotrophic factors. Except for NT-6, the molecular masses quoted are those of the homodimeric structure, which represents their biologically active forms. See text for further details...

Thus, the biochemical characteristics affecting the reactivation of cholinesterase are complex and only partially understood. Knowledge of the kinetics of the various rate-determining processes is essential to the understanding of the inhibitor-reactivation process. 

Eucaryotic cells execute their reproduction in a cyclic process, in which at least two phases, a S phase and a M phase, can be differentiated on the basis of biochemical and morphological features. The biochemical characteristic of the S (synthesis) phase is the replication of nuclear DNA and thus doubling of the genetic information. In M (mitosis) phase, division of the chromosomes between the daughter cells is prepared and carried out. 

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