Control systems auxiliary system monitoring

The plant building schematic is shown in Fig. III-8. The plant includes instrumentation and control systems a system for heat removal to consumers an auxiliary power supply system and a radiation monitoring system, including process radiation monitoring, dosimetric monitoring, and environmental monitoring. 

The plant auxiliary systems consist of the water, process and heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems that support the APIOOO. They generally provide component cooling, chemistry monitoring and control, waste storage and disposal, and habitability functions. 

The four divisions (guard lines) of the protection and safety monitoring system and its uninterruptible power supply, the electrical penetrations through the containment, portions of the plant control system, the main control room and the remote shutdown workstation are concentrated within the northern section of the Auxiliary Building. A large fire or explosion in this area could render these features imusable for a significant amount of time. Such an event would most likely result in an immediate reactor trip, due to the loss of power and control... 

The steam turbine can be supplied with a programmable logic controller (PLC) system for digital control of steam turbine auxiliary systems and diagnostic monitoring of the steam turbine unit. This PLC system monitors operation and performance and safeguards against excess pressime and steam flow. 

In almost all countries today, safety codes and regulations exist for the construction, operation, and inspection of all boilers and associated pressure vessels and boiler systems. Both HW and steam-raising plants are provided with several vital boiler appurtenances (appliances or fittings) and various subsystems containing auxiliaries (accessories) that must be maintained, monitored, and controlled. However, for small HW and LP steam boiler plants the inspection process may be rather cursory with regard to the pressure vessel internals and tends to concentrate primarily on ensuring the proper operation of the various appurtenances that provide for boiler safety. 

In this method the soil sample is dried overnight at 85 °C and ground into an homogeneous mixture. A 1 g soil sample is placed into a beaker and 10 ml of concentrated nitric acid added. The solution is heated to dryness and 5 ml of concentrated nitric acid is added. The uranium is redissolved in 5 ml of 8 N nitric acid and diluted to 25 ml with distilled water. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry system used was an ELAN Model 250. The ion source consists of a modified plasma Thermal Model 2500 control box. The forward power was set at 1200 W with the plasma flow, auxiliary flow and nebuliser pressure set at 131/min, 1.0l/min and 0.27 MPa, respectively. The focusing lenses B, El, P and S2 are set at +5.3 V, -12.5 V, -18.0 V and -7.6 V, respectively. The m/z238 ion was monitored for two sec-... 

Two other computer facilities are a data collection system which monitors remotely located data acquisition and experiment-control computers via asynchronous serial lines and the two Evans and Sutherland LDS-1 interactive graphics terminals. A PDP 10 included in the network configuration as an alternate file transport concentrator and auxiliary network development machine also performs the role of worker computer with the Evans and Sutherland display equipment. Other subnetworks have been designed for inclusion in the Octopus network to direct the on-line operation of LLL high-speed printer and microfilm recorder output facilities, to administer a second, expanded television monitor system providing 256 channels of video input for distribution to 512 additional monitors, and to control a CDC on-line tape library of 8.7 x 10 bits scheduled for delivery in 1975. The Computer Hardcopy Output Recording System (CHORS) concentrators are two Modcomp II computers, and TMDS-II will utilize two PDP 11/45s both subnetworks are to become operational during the... 

Much of the nuclear temperature-monitoring> flow-monitoring and other instrumentation which are in the safety clrc ts will ve useful functions for process control. Auxiliary Instrumentation systems which will be provided for N Reactor which a-e not In the safety circuit are described below. 

The SPI kit covers the primary processing machine communication protocol with chillers, blenders, dryers, water systems, discrete mold-temperature controllers, and the like. The protocol provides for centralized setup and monitoring of auxiliaries by the primary machine. The test simulation software that is a key part of the kit ensures uniform interpretation of technical specifications. It is a combination of a detailed technical specification of hardware requirements such as the type of cable, the connector and electrical interface, and software requirements. The kit protocol shows how electronic information moves through the system. 

Most of the chemical fume hoods considered here consist of a cabinet or enclosure set at waist level (above a table or storage cabinet) that is connected to a blower located above the hood or external to the hood through a duct system. The cabinet has an open side (or sides) to 2illow a user to perform work within. A movable transparent sash separates the user from the work. Most chemical fume hoods have a sill that functions as an airfoil at the work surface below the sash. The connection to the blower might be by use of a v-belt, or it may be direct drive. This allows provision of a smooth flow of air with minimal turbulence. In some installations, axially mounted blowers are used, especially if multiple hoods are ducted into a common blower. Baffles located in the rear of the cabinet provide control of the air flow patterns, and can usually be adjusted to provide the best air flow around the experiment or procedure being performed. Many chemical fume hoods are equipped with air flow indicators, low flow monitors and alarms, and differenti2d pressure sensors to allow the user to operate safely. The major types of chemical fume hoods include the standard/conventional, W2dk-in, bypass, variable air volume, auxiliary air, or ductless types. Additional types include snorkels and canopies that are portable. Each type must be understood to be operated most efficiently within specifications (see the section below on safe operation). 

Group 2. Seismically qualified emergency systems, including AC power (Group 2 diesels), feedwater (Group 2 auxiliary feedwater), service water, instrument air and secondary control area systems. Group 2 systems by themselves must be able to shut down the plant, remove decay heat, keep radioactivity contained and monitor the state of the plant. 

Instrumentation and control and monitoring systems should be provided to monitor the condition of the auxiliary feedwater system in operational states and during or after accidents. 

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