Contract research chemistry developments

Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. This research was supported by the United States Air Force under Contract No. AF 18(600)-310 monitored by the Office of Scientific Research, Air Research and Development Command. 

The synthesis of Ciproflaxin was one among several syntheses being performed in contract research by a micro reactor developer for the pharmaceutical industry [83]. In this multi-step synthesis, alkylaminodefluorinations were an essential part of the chemistry. 

The origin of thin-film-composite reverse osmosis membranes began with a newly formed research institute and one of its first employees, Peter S. Francis. North Star Research and Development Institute was formed in Minneapolis during 1963 to fill a need for a nonprofit contract research institute in the Upper Midwest. Francis was given the mission of developing the chemistry division through support, in part, by federal research contracts. At this time the Initial discoveries by Reid and Breton ( ) on the desalination capability of dense cellulose acetate membranes and by Loeb and Sourlrajan (,2) on asymmetric cellulose acetate membranes had recently been published. Francis speculated that improved membrane performance could be achieved, if the ultrathin, dense barrier layer and the porous substructure of the asymmetric... 

Dr. Wendell Latimer, dean of the university s college of chemistry announced Dr. Ruben s death. He said that Dr. Ruben was engaged on official investigations on Government contracts with the Office of Scientific Research and Development when the explosion occurred. 

The National Institutes of Health contains 10 research institutes and six research and service divisions. It has also been responsible since 1968 for national development of health manpower and communications. National support for medical research and development rose from about 160 million in fiscal 1950 to almost 2.7 billion in 1970. The Federal share for those years was 73 million and 1.7 billion, of which NIH contributed 28 million (38%) and 872 million (53%). The 1971 budget for the institutes and research divisions, as presented to the Senate, represents an increase of 87 million (9%) over 1970. Departments of chemistry and biochemistry received 1656 NIH research grants totaling 59 million in fiscal 1970. In addition, contracts supported target research programs in cancer chemotherapy ( 18 million), pharmacology-toxicology, chemistry communications, and contraceptive development. 

Roche has a research and development (R D) center in China with 40 employees. Novartis built an R D center in China in 2006. Eli Lilly and Company has an R D contract for chemistry services with a Chinese custom research laboratory that is under exclusive service to Lilly. Other pharmaceutical companies also have extensive FTE arrangements with custom research laboratories in China (one example is Merck s collaboration with WuXi PharmaTech). 

Troy, NY 12180-8343 Fax 518-283-1807 E-mail info coromed.com Internet site www.coromed.com comprehensive contract research services in medicinal chemistry and chemical development custom synthesis... 

E-mail intemet mcr.medichem.com Internet site with job bank www.medichem. com custom synthesis, contract discovery research, process development cornMncUorial chemistry services... 

This work, a joint project of the Department of Chemistry of Boston University and the Solar Energy Conversion Unit of Exxon Research and Engineering Co., was supported by the National Science Foundation Research Applied to National Needs Program under Grant No. SE/AER/ 72-03579. Some of the research on solution kinetics was supported by Energy Research and Development Administration Contract No. EY-76-S-02-2889. Many valuable discussions of various aspects of this work have been held with Morton Z. HoflFman. 

The structure of an IND the application is contained in the regulation and is quite easily followed. Almost all pharmaceutical companies, contract research organizations, and universities have templates for the writing of these documents. All the animal data, the proposed clinical study protocol, a clinical investigators brochure, and the chemistry and manufacturing controls must be described. Once an IND is active, then it can be amended with further clinical protocols, additional toxicology data, etc., as the development program proceeds. 

In order to get some of the chemical work underway immediately, Spedding was given a letter of intent to Iowa State College for a 3-month contract from the Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) with the understanding that as soon as suitable space became available at the University of Chicago, he would move his group to Chicago. He was joined at Ames by Professors Harley Wilhelm and I.V. Johns, members of the Chemistry Department. They immediately enlisted their... 

Leighton, P.A., The Stanford Fluorescent-Particle Tracer Technique An Operational Manual. U.S. Chemical Corps Research and Development Program. Contract DA-18-064-CML-2564 (Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 1955). 

We thank Dr. Walter Mertz (Chief, Dept, of Biological Chemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research) for making available to us his extensive knowledge of the biochemistry of metals. We are indebted to Col. Edward C. Knoblock (Director, Div. of Biochemistry, WRAIR) for continued encouragement and support. Financial support provided by the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command is gratefully acknowledged (Contract No. DA-49-193-MD-2444). 

The chapter is organised as follows. Section 2 briefly reviews the recent literature on university-industry relations. Section 3 provides an overall description of ULP Strasbourg and its contractual relationships. The descriptive analysis of the characteristics of the contracts carried out in the chemistry domain is developed in Section 4. Section 5 adopts an industrial economics approach to the analysis of entry and exit in the market or game of university-industry collaboration. In so doing we test for alternative interpretations of the changes that are occurring in university contract research behaviour. Finally, Section 6 presents the conclusions from our analysis. 

At the point a compound is recognized and then considered for potential pharmaceutic or therapeutic usefulness, researchers will be both consumers of and contributors to the data-information-knowledge cycle that characterizes science. Initially, in the synthesis and purification phase of drug development, information about the compound s chemistry and physical properties may be both sought and created. Whether or not the compound has been of interest to other researchers may be determined by searching public records of grant and contract awards and also by searching resources that cover preliminary and early research results. The patent status of the compound may need to be established. 

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