Commercial stakeholders

The role of external organizations is set out in Chapter 1. Here the influence they can have is briefly discussed, including societal expectations, legislation and enforcement, insurance companies, trade unions, economics, commercial stakeholders. 

A lot can be done by commercial stakeholders to influence standards. This includes ... 

Governments should employ people with the specialized knowledge and skills required to ensure effective dmg regulation. Employees must be individuals of integrity and should be well remunerated, particularly since dmg regulation involves various stakeholders with commercial interests who may try to exert pressure on the authority in order to secure decisions favourable to themselves. Adequate and sustainable financing mechanisms are clearly cmcial. 

The discussion and development of the framework for risk comparisons must involve community stakeholders. The Pueblo city and county government and many members of the community are anxious for demilitarization activities to be completed as soon as possible in a way that ensures the safety of all concerned. Although some redevelopment on the PCD site has already begun, full commercial development of the site cannot begin until demilitarization of the PCD stockpile is completed. 

Although you will not be called to defend Commission policy, and should not even if you are invited to, you need to be aware that your names are in the public domain. You will be asked to give the Commission your advice on matters where there are often powerful commercial and social pressures and you may be the subject of direct or indirect lobbying. If you find yourself asked to comment on matters which arise because of your membership, it is important that you also take account of the need to protect the integrity of your scientific committee. I therefore stress the importance of rules of procedure which have been extensively revised to cover matters relating to independence, transparency and relations to stakeholders. (Byrne 2003)... 

The term stakeholder is often used in disposal and other aid operations. Everybody can be regarded as a stakeholder - the only variable is the level of responsibility. Generally speaking the main stakeholders are the developing country, the former manufacturer of the pesticides and the commercial disposal company, as well as the donor organisation. The duty of each partner organisation is specified in a document such as a Memorandum of Implementation, for example. 

As an industry, there is a large potential to create additional shareholder value by strategically engaging stakeholders and forming partnerships with commercial and... 

The choice for an open-source DSS is first of all driven by the belief that in this way the DSS would be able to respond quickly to any progress and change in the scientific field as well as in the regulatory framework. Moreover the availability of the source code together with the right to modify it is likely to stimulate new improvements and further implementations. The open-source issue is a delicate subject that also takes into account that the DSS should be available to all the stakeholders and should be developed and managed by an organization that is independent of national and commercial interests such as the economic interests associated with the use of specific software. 

This situation is all in stark contrast to other safety critical industries. For example in aerospace there is a more open and transparent culture of learning which crosses organisational and otherwise commercially competitive boundaries. lu aerospace stakeholders are aware that improvements in safety are for the greata good of the industty and that in the long term a safe product drives revenues for aU players. HIT suppliers have some way to catch up and it is largely the responsibility of their customers to call for the transparency that is required to enable a rigorous and practical assurance process. 

Note that in discussing availability and performance one needs to make reference to the stakeholders responsible for hosting the system. In practice this could be the healthcare organisation, software manufacturer or a third party. The principles of fault tolerance and resilience remain the same irrespective of which party takes commercial responsibility. However the stakeholder responsible for implementing controls will vary as will the information available to safety case developers. In this... 

A key purpose of the safety case and the associated hazard log is to formally communicate those controls which other stakeholders are required to implement. In many cases, this translates into a natural boundary between the supplier of a HIT system and the healthcare organisation who implements it. Safety cases frequently demarcate the scope at this convenient level and also make it possible for the parties developing safety cases to mirror the commercial contract. 

For the assessment, the focal stakeholder, around which the assessment and system revolved, was determined to be the charterer. This is the operator of the vessel, managed by a commercial management, and need not be the ship owner itself In total, 12 stakeholders were identified as most important. Their interests were broken down in an interest analysis, identilying on average three main goals per stakeholder. 

The review of accidents started with the perception from many stakeholders that coastal and maritime engineering presents a particularly hazardous environment for the construction industry. Simm and Cruickshank (1998) identified many of the commercial and technical hazards experienced by key stakeholders within the industry. However, this earlier review did not focus on health and safety issues. The current review seeks to examine what safety statistics exist and answer the following ... 

Economic performance is the most important attribute for process industries when evaluating a process design in a commercial setting. Although the emergence of the concept design for sustainabdity has occurred, economic feasibdity is stiU one of the most fundamental indicators for the stakeholders to determine the existence and continuation of a product development. Therefore a new or current process must be economically sustainable [13]. Here three indicators will be used to describe the economic performance of the fermentation process operation. 

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