Columns cross-reference

Free downloads of software retention time locking, method translation Technical libraries of chromatograms searchable by solute or class of solutes Column cross-reference charts Application Notes... 

Source USP Column Cross-reference Chart, Restek Corporation. 

Source-. USP Column Cross-Reference Charts Restek Corporation and Supelco. 

Gas chromatographic column dimensions and an appropriate stationary phase are provided in Tables 3.18 to 3.21 for each designated ASTM, ERA, and NIOSH method and in Table 2.15 for USP methods. It is the goal of the authors to list in one place, as a convenient reference, tabulations of column dimensions associated with key analytical methods. The column cross-reference charts in Tables 3.13 and also provide additional column choices for any method. (The data in the following tables are also available at the Agilent Technologies and SGE Web sites.)... 

Each recommendation should he brief (two or three lines only), sufficient to identify a particular topic, and individually numbered to facilitate management of follow-up and resolution. If appropriate, each recommendation should have appended a cross-reference number to enable a fuller explanation, description, or argument to be extracted from other sections of the report in support of the recommendations. Some investigators recommend adding a column to the table entitled Evidence which allows the team to tie in important pieces of evidence to the findings and identified causes. In effect, this column answers the questions, How do we know this Why do we believe this is a cause ... 

Table I comprises 28 columns and extends across two facing pages. The division between facing pages is very nearly such that the left-hand pages identify the compounds for which data are giver., the technique by which the data were obtained, and the electrodes used, and also describe the solvent and supporting electrolyte, apparatus, and experimental conditions, while the right-hand pages give the data and other information obtained and provide cross-references to additional information contained in other tables.

A number that appears in this column is a cross-reference to Table III. Opposite the same number In that table, equations are given that describe the course or mechanism of the half-reaction. If a plus sign follows the number in column 15, additional information is given in Table Ml. This additional information includes, for example, the rate constants of homogeneous chemical steps in the overall mechanism the introduction to Table Ml should be consulted for further details. 

The numbers that appear in column 15 are not in numerical order because virtually identical equations may often be written for the reductions or oxidations of a number of compounds that have widely different empirical formulas and are therefore widely scattered in Table I. Cross-references in Table III give the code number of each compound to which each course or mechanism is applicable. 

Gas chromatography is often divided into categories based on the type of stationary phase used. Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) implements a porous, inert solid support that is coated with a viscous, nonvolatile liquid phase. On the other hand, gas-solid chromatography (GSC) uses a solid adsorbent as the stationary phase. Klee offers these general rules-of-thumb for selection of stationary phase materials use solid adsorbents to separate room-temperature gases, liquid stationary phases to separate room-temperature liquid and solid mixtures, polar phases for polar solutes, and nonpolar phases for nonpolar solutes. Table 1 lists common liquid- and solid-stationary phase materials available for use in capillary columns. Barry cross-refers numerous column materials from nine different manufacturers. ... 

Clear liquid velocity (ft/s) through the downcomer is then found by multiplying DL by 0.00223. The correlation is not valid if pt - Pv is less than 30 Ib/ft (very high pressure systems). For foaming systems, DL should be multiplied by 0.7. Reference 3 recommends segmental downcomers of at least 5% of total column cross-sectional area regardless of the area obtained by this correlation. For final design, complete tray hydraulic calculations are required. 

The ledger page (LP) column Is used as a cross-reference between the general journal and the various ledger accounts. The number in the column indicates the account to which the debit or credit has been transferred. 

The term load is used to denote the amount of substance which reaches the column head as condensate in unit time, and is composed of the quantity of reflux plus the amount of distillate removed. In industrial usage it is customary to express the load on a column in terms of the vapour velocity, referred to the free column cross-section. In laboratory practice this figure is calculated only if a comparison with a semi-technical or industrial installation is required. It may be usefully expressed as ml/cm h. 

Grace. (2011). Capillary column phase cross reference. In Gas chromatography, 2011-08-26, Available from grace-davison-discovery-sciences/ gc/9119-66111.html>... 

The column cross section Aq and column diameter d result from a flow equation with the gas phase as the reference phase... 

Where the details of a crystal structure are required, e.g. for the determination of Kj, Xj, JSfj, this information is given as cross-reference in the remarks column indicated by C.S. and followed by the reference number to the crystal structure bibliography in section 1.1.9. 

Reversed phase partition systems have been described both for conjugated and free bile acids (1) (straight phase systems for free bile acids are described in Section III.B.2). Suitable solvent systems are summarized in Table I. Three types of support have been employed acid-washed siliconized Hyflo Supercel, Hostalen, and methylated Sephadex (1, 40). The first-mentioned type is the most versatile one for two-phase solvent systems. The Sephadex derivative should be used only with solvents of the C-type this material is designed for use with miscible solvent systems (see Section III. B.3). The mobility of some bile acids in different two-phase systems are shown in Table II. These values refer to use of Hyflo Super-Cel which takes up 4 ml stationary phase/4.5 g retention volumes are smaller with Hostalen (3 ml/4.5 g) and larger with methyl Sephadex (6 ml/4.5 g). A 4.5 g Supercel column should not be loaded with more than 25-30 mg of material—flow rate should be about 0.3-0.6 ml/min/cm column cross sectional area. The... 

Now, cross-reference the three inputs in the tab InteractiveInput and Results (RunStatus, temperature, and Timeinterval) and the two ontputs (gTime in one cell and concentration in three columns or more depending on how many components have been included) in the gFPI tab as shown in Figure 9.17. 

Where the details of a cry.stal structure are required, e.g. for the determination of Ki, K2 and Kj, this information is given as cross-reference in the remarks column, indicated by C.S. and followed by the reference number to the crystal structure bibliography of section 1.1.9. If reported in conjunction with the quoted magnetic data, information about the crystallographic system, the lattice parameters a, b, c and, e.g., in the monoclinic sy stem. the angle P between the axes a and c, is included in column 8. 

TABLE 1. Cross-sections (in units of 10 cm ) for capture into the state of CIII in CIV/H collisions. Columns (a) and (b) refer to calculations neglecting translation effects and with the origin of electron co-ordinates centred respectively on the H and C nuclei. Column (c) refers to calculations taking account of translation effects. 

TABLE 3.20 Cross-reference of Columns From Manufacturers... 

TABLE 3.13 Cross-Reference of Capillary Columns Offered by Manufacturers... 

The bar on top of any quantity refers to a quantity averaged over the column cross section. 

For the first two of the above items a tabular approach is used. In the left-hand column are the words of the standard or rule verbatim. For editing purposes some minor changes may have been made to the original text and some of the internal cross-references have been removed. Therefore, what is provided here should not be used for formal compliance work. The second column provides context, discussion, and interpretation. The discussion section provides general information to do with that element. 

---