Colorectal cancers application

The oncolytic viruses include adenovirus, measles, reovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV),HSV,poxvirus, and vaccinia. Specific examples include (1) ONYX-015, which is an adenoviral oncolytic virus, administered to patients with liver metastases of colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer [29], (2) Reolysin, which is an oncolytic reovirus administered to patients with glioma [30], and (3) MV-CEA, which is an oncolytic measles virus expressing carcinoembryonic antigen, administered to patients with ovarian cancer [31]. Some oncolytic viruses are wild type and are apparently not pathogenic in humans, such as the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), which is an RNA avian paramyxovirus. PV701, a naturally attenuated, replication-competent strain of NDV, has been administered to patients with advanced solid tumors [32], The applicability of oncolytic viruses as a therapy for clinical oncology trials is due to their potential selectivity the ability to kill tumor cells but not normal cells. However, the level of attenuation of viral replication in normal cells is limited for most oncolytic vectors. 

An endoscopic applicator with a vacuum device has been developed. This enables endoscopic application and suction of a tumor into the device with subsequent application of drugs /genes and pulses. A study in veterinary clinics in spontaneous tumors in dogs has been carried out successfully (D. Soden, personal communication), and a phase 1 clinical trial has now opened for patients suffering from colorectal cancer (www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT01172860). 

Despite these complexities, COX-2-specific inhibitors relieve pain in many OA patients with a lower risk of GI adverse events than nonspecific NSAIDs. COX-2 inhibitors, members of the coxib class newly created by the World Health Organization, have become extremely widely used over a short period of time. These agents continue to be studied intensely not only for their efficacy and toxicity profile in rheumatic disease, but also for exciting potential applications such as the prevention of Alzheimer s disease and colorectal cancer. 

Delbeke D (1999) Oncological applications of FDG PET imaging brain tumors, colorectal cancer, lymphoma and melanoma. J Nucl Med 40 591-603... 

Given the encouraging safety and therapeutic benefit of °Y in both primary and metastatic liver disease, there is an opportunity to explore its application in combination with other available therapies. Studies to assess the potential synergistic therapeutic benefit of °Y and known radio-sensitizers in both metastatic breast and colorectal cancer are warranted. Combination capecitabine and Y present a low toxicity option for breast cancer patients. The potential to improve hepatic tumor response via the synergistic action of selective uptake of 5-FU in the presence of radiation warrants further investigation. °Y in combination with 5-FU, FUDR and capecitabine in colorectal metastases to the liver require further study. Given the potential for super irradiation of liver parenchyma in the presence of these agents, carefully controlled Phase I dose escalation studies are required. 

Moertel also discusses the clinical trials of 5-FU and other chemotherapeutic agents singly and in various combinations in relation to colorectal cancer, gastric carcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus, and others, with essentially the same conclusion except that adriamycin seems to have significant value for the treatment of primary liver cancer. He then states that In 1978 it must be concluded that there is no chemotherapy approach to gastrointestinal carcinoma valuable enough to justify application as standard clinical treatment. ... 

Major Applications Detergent, hair dyes, prevention of colorectal cancer, treating inflanunatory bowel disease, autoimmune disorders, gastrointestinal inflanunation, chemokine-mediated diseases, mucosal tissue disorder, sleep disorders, rectoanal tenesmus, ulcerative colitis Safety/Toxicity Hepatotoxicity, cytotoxicity, - nephrotocicity, risk of renal disease, " safety in pregnancy, side effects ... 

Major Applications Huorescent probe,- diagnosis of cancer.s leukemia, colorectal cancer, polynucleotide, bacteria, pathogens,nucleic acid, hepatitis A virus, dengue virus, herpes simplex virus,i- gene, HIV type, cardiovascular risk factor ... 

V. R. Kondepati, M. Keese, R. Mueller, B. C. Manegold, and J. Backhaus, Application of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer in Resected Human Tissue Specimens, Vib. Spectrosc., 44, 236 (2007). 

In experienced hands CT colonography seems to be ripe for prime-time colorectal cancer screening. However it is not yet ready for widespread application of screening for the aforementioned reasons. CT colonography is now at an important crossroads, and... 

Currently, recommendations for routine application of comprehensive treatment in colorectal cancer with peritoneal seeding are less secure. Certainly, systemic chemotherapy does not provide any patient with a hope for cure. The combined approach when used in peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer is supported by results from numerous phase II studies at different institutions. The 5-year survival rate of approximately 30% is consistent in all reports. 

Dupuy DE, Mayo-Smith WW, Abbott GF, DiPetrillo T (2002) Clinical applications of radio-frequency tumor ablation in the thorax. Radiographics 22 259-269 Faivre J, Bouvier AM, Bonithon-Kopp C (2002) Epidemiology and screening of colorectal cancer. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 16(2) 187-199... 

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