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Clinical Examples

The following case examples illustrate clinical issues associated with diaphragmatic pacing. [Pg.339]

This patient with primary alveolar hypoventilation did not sense her underlying respiratory failure—either initially, when she would turn blue and lose consciousness, or subsequently, when, after many years of stability, a pacing wire failed. [Pg.339]

He was also taught GPB increasing his endurance to eight hours, to maintain an alternate method of ventilation and to augment tidal volumes, for secretion clearance, while his tracheostomy tube was corked. With this enhanced ventilatory independence, he returned to live in the community, first to a transitional living center and subsequently to an attendant care facility. [Pg.340]

Maintenance for his pacers over the years included left sided receiver relocation from upper chest to lower rib cage (1985), right sided receiver replacement (1985) and relocation (1986). His paced nocturnal Sao2 was 90-97% and his Pcx)2 was 36 to 46 mmHg. [Pg.340]

In 1995 he requested tracheal decannulation, which occurred without problems. Volume ventilation with nasal pillows was established as a backup. He remains in the community, works and goes on vacation, enjoying good health. On two occasions he required out patient chest physiotherapy and in-exsufflation to assist with secretion clearance, associated with a lower respiratory infection. On these occasions, he was not satisfied that his secretions were being cleared completely by his manual resuscitator assisted cough or by GPB. [Pg.340]


In this chapter, I will consider the various pieces of molecular machinery that are involved in SR function in turn, give clinical examples of diseases caused by... [Pg.244]

Our purpose with this book is to provide a background into the what, why, how, and when questions of psychotropic medications. Recognizing that this conversation cannot exist in a vacuum, we also review diagnostic issues, treatment goals, and ways to integrate psychotherapy with pharmacotherapy and then intersperse this information with clinical examples. It is this combination, the bio witli the psychosocial that optimizes care for so many of the people we treat. [Pg.403]

Pyrantel pamoate, a commonly-used anti-helmintic, provides another clinical example of exploiting the poor absorption of a drug... [Pg.125]

Extreme clinical examples of androgen excess include central precocious puberty, the adrenogenital syndromes, and androgen-secreting adrenal, ovarian, or testicular tumors. Less severe problems include idiopathic hirsutism, premenstrual syndrome, and severe cystic acne. [Pg.732]

Type III Reactions These reactions involve the presence of antigen-antibody complexes, particularly those formed as a result of the production of autoantibodies. These complexes deposit in various tissues and involve inflammatory cells as well as complement, resulting in tissue damage due to the production of proteolytic enzymes by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages. A number of autoimmune diseases result from these reactions. Some clinical examples include systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, immune complex glomerulonephritis, Arthus reaction and serum sickness. [Pg.129]

Type V Reactions This subtype is occasionally used as separate from type II reactions. In this case, antibodies bind to the cell surface receptors instead of cell surface components, resulting in the impairment of cell signal either via augmentation or suppression. Some clinical examples include myasthenia gravis and Graves disease. [Pg.129]

The experimental data and clinical examples cited above warrant the hypothesis that there is a specific ego function that bestows the quality of reality on the contents of experience. I would like to hypothesize that this function can be influenced and that the quality of reality can be displaced, intensified, or attenuated—a process of reality transfer. In the meditation experiment, the sensory percepts are invested with this quality, resulting in the vivid, intensely real experiences reported. Why does this take place An initial speculation is that, since in the meditation experience the object world as a perceptual experience is broken down or dediffer-... [Pg.312]

CLINICAL EXAMPLE OF HAPLOTYPES COMPOSED OF COMMON SNPs... [Pg.449]

The TSH radioimmunoassays procedures have replaced other methods for the quantitative assessment of changes in pituitary responsiveness after repeated dose treatment, test compounds which enhance the secretion of thyroid hormones lead to a suppression of the serum TSH concentrations, a clinical example being hyperthyroidism (Connors et al. 1981, Pekary et al. 1980). On the other hand, a reduction in circulating concentrations of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) will release the pituitary gland from feedback inhibition, and the serum concentration of TSH may arise in an exponential manner. [Pg.359]

Several drugs, including salicylate (in overdose), alcohol, and possibly some hydrazines and other drugs which are metabolised by acetylation, have saturable elimination kinetics, but the only significant clinical example is phenytoin. With this drug, capacity-limited elimination is complicated further by its low therapeutic index. A 50% increase in the dose of phenytoin can result in a 600% increase in the steady-state blood concentration, and thus expose the patient to potential toxicity. Capacity-limited pathways of elimination lead to plasma concentrations of drugs which can be described by a form of the Michaelis-Menten equation. In such cases, the plasma concentration at steady state is given by... [Pg.298]

Fig. 3. Sycosis barbae. This infection caused by T. verrucosum in a milker is an impressive clinical example of the aggressive behavior of zoophilic dermatophytes compared with anthropophilic species. [Pg.141]

Further clinical examples of potential stereoselective renal secretion of organic cations have been recently reported. A major metabolite of verapamil (D-617) is actively secreted by the kidney (59). Upon coadministration of dmetidine, the renal clearance of the S-D-617 isomer was significantly decreased, whereas the clearance of the R-D-617 metabolite was unaffected by dmetidine administration (59). Stereoselective renal secretion was suggested as the mechanism of this effect. However, it is not known if this metabolite is actually secreted by the organic cation transport system. The renal clearance of unbound S(+) disopyramide was... [Pg.303]

Two fairly common clinical examples serve as illustrations of how disordered brain functioning can lead to marked psychiatric symptomatology. [Pg.16]

For iron, iodine, cobalt (as cobalamins), selenium, copper, and zinc there are clinical examples of reversible deficiency disease. For these elements there is enough known about their biochemical functions to explain their importance in human nutrition. For others, such as manganese, chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium, their importance remains to be fuUy accepted in clinical practice. Stfll other elements such as bromine, fluorine, cadmium, lead, strontium, lithium, and tin have been claimed by at least one investigator to be essential for one or more animal species as demonstrated by dietary deprivation studies. [Pg.1118]

In keeping with the previous editions, the primary purpose of Medical Biochemistry, Fourth Edition, is to present the fundamentals of biochemistry and related materials in a way that is useful to students pursuing medical and other health-related careers. The book was conceived and written with the hope that it would generate interest and enthusiasm among these students, particularly because biochemistry has a crucial role in human health and disease. Since it is assumed that most students in medicine and health-related fields eventually will apply biochemical principles to the art of healing, discussion of the factual information is integrated with frequent use of clinical examples and applications. [Pg.1067]

Interestingly, the number of examples of toxicity biomarkers discovered using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based and MS-based metabonomics is quite impressive. In metabonomics studies in which a severe toxicity is observed, almost always the relative urinary concentrations of Krebs cycle intermediates are decreased and a concomitant decrease in urinary levels of hippuric acid is observed. These compounds have been proposed to be nonspecific markers of toxicity as they reflect a combination of complex changes in an organism [11,48-51], Taurine has been known to be a specific marker for liver toxicity as its urinary levels are typically increased with necrosis and fatty liver. Several bile acids in the serum such as cholic, glycolic, and taurocholic acids have also been demonstrated to be sensitive markers of liver dysfunction [50], In the literature, there are a few preclinical and clinical examples of... [Pg.303]

Details on how FBDD contributed to development candidates has only been reported for a subset of these compounds. This section will consider all examples of drugs that have entered the clinic from fragment-based efforts where sufficient details have been published in the literature to understand the fragment origins. This reduces the number of examples from dozens to just eight programs. For other (non-clinical) examples, a 2010 review by Christopher Murray and Tom Blundell briefly discusses a score of examples in which structural biology played a major role [53]. [Pg.14]

During the summer of 1998, after Dr. Henderson celebrated his ninety-fifth birthday, I proposed to him that his 1987 Splendor Solis videotape might serve as the basis for a small book.7 He was delighted with this idea. Initially, my role was that of editor of the lecture notes and provider of clinical examples. As we refined the text and amplified the images and their symbolism, our appreciation of these images deepened and the project grew beyond our original expectations. [Pg.228]


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