Disease chronic obstructive

Siafakas NM (ed) (2006) Management of chronic obstructive disease. European respiratory monograph 38, vol 11... 

NICE (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) (2004) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - Management of chronic obstructive disease in adults in primary and secondary care. Available at http //www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/ pdf/CGOl 2 niceguideline.pdf [Accessed 4 June 2008],... 

The use of aerosol delivery systems continues to be a desirable means of administering locally acting agents to the lungs. Since the early 1990s there has been a surge of interest in the pulmonary delivery of proteins and peptides for systemic activity but to date none of these products have made it to market [1], During this period the major commercial successes have been in the form of dry powder systems [2] and alternative propellant systems [1], as will be discussed later in the chapter. The incidence of asthma and chronic obstructive disease continues to rise and the need for improvement and diversity of therapies remains a priority in their treatment [3]. 

Decrements in vigilance (i.e., ability to detect small changes in one s environment that occur at unpredictable times) decreased exercise performance in both healthy persons and those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease... 

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects over 5% of the adult population, is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide and is the only major cause of mortality that is increasing worldwide. It is an inflammatory disorder of the lungs, caused mainly, but not exclusively, by cigarette smoking. 15-20% of smokers develop COPD. 

The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) has defined COPD as a disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully... 

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Table 1 Pathological changes in chronic obstructive pulmonary... 

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Figure 1 Pharmacotherapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 

Sin DD, Man SEP (2006) Pharmacotherapy for mortality reduction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc 3 624-629... 

Cell BR, Cote CG, Marin JM et al (2004) The body-mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity index in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. New Engl J Med 350 1005-1012... 

COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease EAE, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis RSV, respiratory syncytial virus SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus. 

Other disorders of the lower respiratory tract include emphysema (lung disorder in which the terminal bronchioles or alveoli become enlarged and plugged with mucus) and chronic bronchitis (chronic inflammation and possibly infection of die bronchi). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is die name given collectively to emphysema and chronic bronchitis because die obstruction to die airflow is present most of the time. Asdima diat is persistent and present for most of die time may also be referred to as COPD. 

The a-glucosidase inhibitors are contraindicated in patients with a hypersensitivity to the drug, diabetic ketoacidosis, cirrhosis, inflammatory bowel disease, colonic ulceration, partial intestinal obstruction or predisposition to intestinal obstruction, or chronic intestinal diseases. Acarbose and miglitol are used cautiously in patients with renal impairment or pre-existing gastrointestinal (GI) problems such as irritable... 

Jubran A, Gross N, Ramsdell J, et al. Comparative cost-effectiveness analysis of theophylline and ipratropium bromide in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A three-center study. Chest 1993 103 678-84. 

Tabak, C. et al.. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and intake of catechins, flavonols, and flavones the MORGEN Study, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 164, 61, 2001. 

Con A Concanavalin A COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COS Fibroblast-like kidney cell line established from simian cells CoVF Cobra venom CP Creatine phosphate Cp Caeruloplasmin c.p.m. Counts per minute CPJ Cartilage/pannus junction Cr The chemical symbol fir chromium CR Complement receptor CRl, CR2 CR4 Complement receptor types 1, 2 and 4 CR3-a Complement receptor type 3-[Pg.281]

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