Chlorinated paraffin resin

CHLOREZ grades are tasteless, odorless, 70% chlorinated paraffin resins especially soluble in aromatic and chlorinated solvents. They have limited or no solubility in lower alcohols, glycols, glycerins, and water. 

Chlorinated Chlorinated paraffins— Uquid Chlorinated paraffins— resinous DECHLORANE PLUS Chlorendic anhydride/HET Acid Bromochloroparaffins... 

Suggested formulations for various polymers using hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), a brominated aHphatic a chlorinated paraffin, ie, a chlorinated aHphatic and decabromodiphenyl oxide, a brominated aromatic, are shown in Tables 2—4. These suggested formulations may not be strictiy comparable because of differences in the nature of the base resins. However, the suggestions are specific to a given UL-94 rating. 

Peroxides or other additives, eg, chlorinated paraffin, may also cause the thermoplastic resin to cross-link with the siloxanols. In this case, a tme interpenetrating polymer network forms, in which both phases are cross-linked. 

Paints. Chlorinated paraffins are used as plasticizers for paints based on many types of resins, particularly chlorinated mbber and vinyl copolymers. Chlorinated mbber-based paints are employed in aggressive marine and industrial environments and vinyl copolymer principally for the... 

As well as imparting improved fire retardancy these materials may also result in volume cost savings if they can be purchased for a lower price than the commodity phthalate. Precise knowledge of the compatibility between standard plasticizers and chlorinated paraffins is required because some mixtures become incompatible with each other and the PVC resins in use at certain temperatures. Phthalate—chlorinated paraffin compatibility decreases as the molecular mass of the phthalate and the plasticizer content of the PVC formulation increase. Many compatibility graphs are available (1). 

Not until attention was given, about 1930, to the use of halogenated organic compounds in conjunction with metallic salts or oxides were truly durable flameproof finishes obtained. Examples of this type are the use of a mixture of chlorinated paraffins and antimony oxide fixed on the fabric with resinous binders (4, , 18, 28). 

In 1942, various materials, such as resinous chlorinated paraffin, chlorinated rubber, chlorinated alkyd resins, and vinyl and vinylidene resins were unavailable for use in fire-retardant paints. Such chlorinated binders as were available were in critical demand for flameproofing fabrics. The present availability of such materials... 

One coat of primer, formula 84-47, followed by an experimental red deck paint similar to that specified in specification (7), formula 23, except that sufficient chlorinated paraffin was substituted for the alkyd resin solid to yield a chlorine content of 35 > in the nonvolatile vehicle without altering the pigment volume. This paint was formulated by the Paint Research Section it has not been accepted for naval use. 

Chlorinated paraffins, which contain up to 60-70% chlorine, are low in cost and are used as secondary plasticizer in PVC wire and cable insulations. Perchlorobicyclopentadiene has little plasticizing action and is used in polyethylene. Some of the more expensive bromine-containing fire retardants which have been used in the ratio of 5 p.p.h. in polystyrene foam, may be reduced to 0.5 p.p.h. by adding synergists such as peroxides or nitroso compounds. The reaction-type retardants, such as chlorendic acid and anhydride, hydroxy-terminated phosphonated esters, and specific brominated aliphatic esters, are admixed to rigid and flexible polyurethane foams, reinforced polyesters, phenolics, and epoxy resins. 

Chlorines Chlorinated paraffins Tris (dichloropropyl) phosphate, methyl pentachlorostearate, and other chlorinated phosphates Cycloaliphatic chlorine Chlorendic anhydride LDPE film and flexible PVC Urethane foam and topical fabric Polypropylene and nylon Reactive intermediate in making polyester and epoxy flame-retardant resins Amspec Chemical, Asahi Denka Kogyo, ICC Industries-Dover, Kettlitz Chemie, Lehmann Voss, OxyChem, Polytechs... 

Halogen-containing flame-retardants such as chlorinated paraffins, poly-bromodiphenyl oxides, and polybromodiphenyls are used in conjunction with antimony oxide. On exposure to fire, the halogen gases hberated by decomposition of the resin component of the paint film react with the antimony oxide to produce a vapor of antimony hahde that blankets the flame. 

The variety of substances used as additives in polymers is considerable. For example, the fillers may include china clay, various forms of calcium carbonate, talc, silicas (diatomaceous silica), silicates, carbon black, etc. The impact modifiers typically include other polymers. Plasticizers include certain polymers with low (oligomers), dialkyl phthalates, dialkyl sebacates, chlorinated paraffin waxes, liquid paraffinic fractions, oil extracts, etc. Heat stabilizers include heavy metals salts such as basic lead carbonate, basic lead sulfate, dibasic lead phosphite (also acting as a light stabilizer), dibasic lead phthalate, stearates, ricinoleates, palmitates and octanoates of cadmium and barium, epoxide resins and oils, amines, diphenylurea, 2-phenylindole, aminocrotonates. The antioxidants include tris-nonyl phenyl phosphite, 2,6-di-ferf-butyl-p-cresol (BHT), octadecyl-3,5-di-terf-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate, etc. The UV stabilizers include modified benzophenones and benzotriazoles. Processing lubricants include calcium stearate, stearic acid, lead stearate, various wax derivatives, glyceryl esters and long-chain acids. Fire retardants include antimony oxide, some pyrophosphates, etc. 

Use Heat and light stabilizer for vinyl plastics and chlorinated paraffins. As an UV screening and antioxidizing stabilizer for vinyl and other chlorinated resins in paints and plastics. 

Phenolic resins Chlorinated rubber Synthetic latices Chlorinated paraffin Polyisocyanates Reactive monomers Phenolic varnishes Natural resins... 

Dover Chemical Corporation produces resinous chlorinated paraffins under a name Chlorez . All Chlorez grades have a physical form of white powder (particles smaller than 50 mesh) with chlorine content around 70%. The manufacturer recommends Chlorez as flame retardants (in a combination with antimony trioxide) and lately as a nonreactive coupling agent under a brand name Doverbond (such as Doverbond DB 4300 or Doverbond 3000). The manufacturer claims that Chlorez in the amount of 10% along with 3% of a lubricant in the WPC shows an effect of a coupling agent and increases the flexural strength and modulus of the product, as well as the UV and moisture resistance (private communication, Dover Chemical Corp.). DB 4300 lists at 1.50/lb [12,13]. 

Chlorez . [Dover] Resinous chlorinated paraffin flame retardant for paints, printing inks, plastics, foams, adhesives, paper and fabric coatings. 

Clorafin . [Hercules] Chlorinated paraffin used to flameproof and waterproof textiles plasticizer for vinyls, resins, film-formers addtiive in cutting oils. 

Both monomeric and polymeric plasticizers are suitable for plasticization. Practically all monomeric plasticizers for PVC can be used. Suitable polymeric plasticizers include polyadipates, chlorinated paraffins, carbamide resins, and epoxides. Vinyl chloride copolymers are compatible with most conventional pigments and extenders. Despite their high intrinsic stability, paints based on vinyl chloride copolymers have to be stabilized against dehydrochlorination in the presence of heat and/or UV radiation for some applications. Epoxy compounds are often sufficient for thermal stabilization. 

Chem. Descrip. Aromatic hydrocarbon resin Uses Used in adhesives, rubber compounding, printing ink, coatings, paints, concrete curing, waterproofing, and sealant compds. compatible in useful proportions with SBR, polar elastomers, chlorinated rubber, and chlorinated paraffins Features Contains an antioxidant... 

Chem. Descrip. Resinous chlorinated paraffin aq. disp. 

Tetrabromobisphenol A di-2-hydroxyethyl ether Tetradecabromodiphenoxybenzene Tetrakis (2-chloroethyl) ethylene diphosphate Tris (2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate flame retardant, EPS Tribromophenyl allyl ether flame retardant, ethyl cellulose Diphenyl octyl phosphate flame retardant, ethylene copolymers Ethylenebis (tetrabromophthalimide) flame retardant, expandable PS Dibromoethyidibromocyclohexane Tetrabromobisphenol A bis (allyl ether) Tetrabromocyclooctane flame retardant, extruded PS Tetrabromocyclooctane flame retardant, fabrics Antimony pentoxide Methylphosphonic acid, (5-ethyl-2-methyl-2-oxido-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-5-yl) methyl methyl ester flame retardant, fibers Antimony pentoxide Tetrabromoethane flame retardant, filament winding Epoxy resin, brominated flame retardant, film Tetrabromobis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate flame retardant, fire-retardant material Chlorinated paraffins (C12, 60% chlorine) Chlorinated paraffins (C23, 43% chlorine) flame retardant, flexible PU foam bedding Tetrakis (2-chloroethyl) ethylene diphosphate flame retardant, flexible PU foam furniture Tetrakis (2-chloroethyl) ethylene diphosphate flame retardant, flexible PU foam transportation Tetrakis (2-chloroethyl) ethylene diphosphate flame retardant, flexible PU foams furniture, automobile seating... 

Flame Retardants. Hydrocarbon elastomers are flammable and thus require flame retardants if their service conditions include the possibihty of fire. Alumina trihydrate, magnesium hydroxide, and zinc borate are used, because they give off blanketing vapors at high temperatures. Also, typical flame-retardant systems include chlorinated paraffins or brominated aromatic resins in combination with antimony trioxide. 

Chlorinated paraffin (chlorocosane) n. Any of a family of yellow to light amber liquids produced by chlorinating a paraffin oil, with uses as secondary plasticizers for vinyls, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, and coumarone-indene resins. Chlorinated paraffins also impart flame resistance to polyolefins, polystyrene, PVC, natural rubber, and unsaturated polyester resins. 

Chlorinated paraffin wax n. Ordinary paraffin wax can be chlorinated, under certain conditions, to yield products which no longer resemble the parent wax, but which have assumed definite resinous characteristics. The amount of chlorine present determines the physical properties of the resultant waxes. These with smaller amounts of chlorine are liquids, whereas those with about 70% chlorine are brittle resins. Their applications are in fire-retarding compositions and as plasticizers. 

---