Chlorendic acid

Chlorendic Acid. Chlorendic acid [115-28-6] and its anhydride [115-27-5] are widely used flame retardants. Chlorendic acid is synthesized by a Diels-Alder reaction of maleic anhydride and hexachlorocyclopentadiene (see CyclopentadlENE and dicyclopentadiente) in toluene followed by hydrolysis of the anhydride using aqueous base (60). The anhydride can be isolated directly from the reaction mixture or can be prepared in a very pure form by dehydration of the acid. The principal use of chlorendic anhydride and chlorendic acid has been in the manufacture of unsaturated polyester resins. Because the esterification rate of chlorendic anhydride is similar to that of phthalic anhydride, it can be used in place of phthalic anhydride in commercial polyester... 

For many applications it is necessary that the resin has reasonable selfextinguishing properties. Such properties can be achieved and transparency retained by the use of HET-acid (chlorendic acid). This is obtained by reacting hexachlorocyclopentadiene with maleic anhydride and converting the resulting anhydride adduct into the acid by exposure to moist air Figure 25.7). 

Chlorendic Acid Polyester These resins have excellent resistance to acids, good resistance to oxidizing acid media and high-temperature resistance, and moderate fire resistance. 

The first fire retardant polyester containing a reactive fire retardant monomer was introduced by the Hooker Electrochemical Corporation in the early 1950 s containing chlorendic acid as the reactive monomer (6). This pioneering development rapidly led to the introduction of variety of reactive halogen and phosphorus containing monomers, such as tetrabromophthalic anhydride, chlorostyrene and tetrabromobisphenol A, which found application in a wide variety of condensation polymer systems. 

Chlorendic acid, 11 479 Chlorendic anhydride, 8 232 CHLOREP program, 25 343 Chlorfenapyr, 14 349 Chlorfluren methyl ester, 13 44t Chlorfurenol methyl ester, 13 44t Chlorhexidine gluconate, 8 340 Chloric acid, 6 103-120 8 544 chemical properties, 6 104 manufacture, 6 104-105 physical properties, 6 103-104 uses, 6 105-106... 

Uses Intermediate in the synthesis of dyes, cyclodiene pesticides (aldrin, dieldrin, endosulfan), fungicides, and pharmaceuticals manufacture of chlorendic anhydride and chlorendic acid. 

Sebastian, J.H., Weber, A.S., and Jensen, J.N., Sequential chemical/biological oxidation of chlorendic acid, Water Res., 30, 1833-1843, 1996. 

Chlorinated paraffins, which contain up to 60-70% chlorine, are low in cost and are used as secondary plasticizer in PVC wire and cable insulations. Perchlorobicyclopentadiene has little plasticizing action and is used in polyethylene. Some of the more expensive bromine-containing fire retardants which have been used in the ratio of 5 p.p.h. in polystyrene foam, may be reduced to 0.5 p.p.h. by adding synergists such as peroxides or nitroso compounds. The reaction-type retardants, such as chlorendic acid and anhydride, hydroxy-terminated phosphonated esters, and specific brominated aliphatic esters, are admixed to rigid and flexible polyurethane foams, reinforced polyesters, phenolics, and epoxy resins. 

CHLOR-2,4-DINTTROBENZENE see CGMOOO CHLORE (FRENCH) see CDV750 CHLORENDIC ACID see CDSOOO CHLOREPIN see CIR750... 

Some thermosets are made with maleic anhydride only, or with other unsaturated 1,2-dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides such as itaconic acid or methylenesuccinic acid [7], chlorendic acid or 1,4.5,6,7,7-hexachloro-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (or anhydride), 1,4.5,6,7-pentachloro-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride or 1,4.5,6-tetrachloro-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride. These norbomene derivatives can be obtained from the Diels-Alder condensation of the chlorinated cyclopenta-1,3-dienes and maleic anhydride, as shown in the following reaction ... 

Pyrolysis results for other thermosets such as those derived from chlorendic acid also are reported in literature [68, 69]. 

Use Flame-resistant polyester resins, hardening epoxy resins, chemical intermediate, source of chlorendic acid. 

Some examples of the fire-retardant additives used in polyolefins (12) are hexabromocyclododecane, octabromodipheny 1, hexabromobipheny1, chlorowax, chlorinated triphenyl, chlorendic acid, tris(tribromophenyl)phosphite, and tris(dibromopropyl)phos-phate. 

CCRIS 896 Chlorendic acid EINECS 204-078-9 NET acid Hexachloro-endo-methylenetetrahydrophthalic acid ... 

Chlorendic acid 1,46,6,7,7-Hexachloro-6- norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid CgH4Cle04 116-28-6 388.844 cry (w) 232 ... 

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