Standards plastics

American Society of Electroplated Plastics, Standards and GuidelinesforElectroplatedPlastics, 3rd ed., Prentice-HaU, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1984. 

ISO 15314, Plastics - Standard practice for weathering of plastics under marine floating exposure, 1999. 

Telecommunications, the watch industry, medical applications, and the automotive and chemical industries are asking for smaller and smaller parts and components made of plastic. Standard injection machines are unsuitable for micro-parts. Here we describe, without claiming to be ejdiaustive, two examples of special machinery developed by Battenfeld and Medical Murray. 

Degradable Plastics Standards, Research and Development. U.S. General Accounting Office. Report No. GAO/RCED-88-208, US. G.A.O Gaithersburg, MD, 1988. 

The plastics standards are very detailed and have become more complicated at each revision, reflecting advances in equipment to give better reproducibility and, of course, the great importance of weathering for plastics. At the time of writing, further revisions are in progress. 

Standard taper stoppers will prevent spillage only so long as the stopper is firmly in place, but they can be removed with only one hand. Plastic standard taper stoppers do not require grease, but may be chemically attacked by materials within the flask. Glass plugs placed over alkaline solutions without grease are likely to be frozen in place. On the other hand, the contents of the flask may dissolve any grease used. 

Standard testing for tensile properties of plastics Standard testing for tensile properties of rubbers... 

ISO 291 (1977), International Standard Plastics-Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing, ISO Standards Handbook 21 Volume 1, Plastics, Second edition (1990), Switzerland. 

Another significant event in the history of plastics standards was the first meeting of Technical Committee 61 on Plastics of the International Organization for Standardization in New York on September 8 and 9, 1951. Representatives from Australia, France, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States met to consider the establishment of testing methods and nomenclature for international use. The second meeting of ISO/TC 61 on Plastics was held in Turin, Italy, on October 2 to 4, 1952, and it is anticipated that this committee in the near future will be ready to recommend the first international testing methods on plastics to the member standards bodies of the various countries. 

ISO 291 [5] for plastics materials (or its equivalent, BS 2782 Part 0, Annex A [6]) and ISO 471 for rubbers [7] (BS 903 Part A35 [7]) follow the general standard in allowing the 23 50 and 27 65 atmospheres. The plastics standard does not permit the 20./65 option, but the rubber standard does because of the possible presence of a textile component. Where humidity is known to have little or no effect, the control of humidity may be waived. 

EN 62. Glass reinforced plastics—Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. 1997. 

Cleveland open cup is used to determine flash and fire points of liquids with flash point above 79°C and below 400°C, such as plasticizers. Standard gives the methods of determination using manual and automatie Cleveland open cup apparatus. About 70 ml of test liquid is heated first rapidly then slowly on approaching an expected flash point. Test flame is apphed to surface to ignite vapors. Test flame is natural or bottled gas flame (full description included in the standard). Test flame is apphed first when the temperature is 28°C below expected flash point and then in 2 C intervals. 

There are available specifications of some key plasticizers which can be used as examples for preparation of specification for other plasticizers. Standard specification for octyl o-phthalate includes di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and mixed isooctyl phthalates. Acidity, acid number, ester content, specific gravity, color according to platinum-cobalt scale, and moisture content are specified. Also packaging and package marking are discussed. 

Standard guide for assessing the compostability of environmentally degradable plastics Standard test method for determining weight loss from plastic materials exposed to simulated municipal solid-waste (MSW) aerobic compost environment... 

Standard specification for compostable plastics Standard test method for determining aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials in the marine environment by a defined microbial consortium... 

Standard Test Method for Rubber Property - Vapour Transmission of Volatile Liquids Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials... 

Plastic standards exist in many countries other than the United States. Many of these standards can be obtained from the American National Standards Instimte (ANSI). The most active of these foreign standard bodies are ... 

Plastics - Methods of Test for the Determination of the Effects of Immersion in Liquid Chemicals Plastics -Standard Atmospheres for Conditioning and Testing... 

ASTM D1603 1994 Standard Test Method for Carbon Black In Olefin Plastics Standard Test Method for Environmental Stress-Cracking of Ethylene Plastics... 

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