Chlorinated compounds organic

Solvent extraction followed by gas chromatographic analysis is used to determine paraffin wax antioxidants (qv), ie, butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene and other volatile materials. Trace amounts of chlorinated organic compounds, eg, polychlorinated biphenyls, can be deterrnined by using a gas chromatograph with an electron-capture detector (22). 

By-Product Disposal. By-product disposal from vinyl chloride manufacturing plants is compHcated by the need to process a variety of gaseous, organic Hquid, aqueous, and soHd streams, while ensuring that no chlorinated organic compounds are inadvertendy released. Each class of by-product streams poses its own treatment and disposal challenges. 

Ozonation can be enhanced by the addition of ultraviolet (uv) radiation. This combination can be effective in degrading chlorinated organic compounds and pesticides. In addition, metal ions such as iron, nickel, chromium, and titanium [7440-32-6] can act as catalysts, as can ultrasonic mixing. 

Chromasorb Hydrocarbons, high molecular-weight organic vapours, chlorinated organic compounds... 

Urano K, Murata C. 1985. Adsorption of principal chlorinated organic compounds on soil. Chemosphere 14 293-299. 

Hydrogen chloride and chlorine gases form when chlorinated organic compounds in hazardous wastes are burned. If uncontrolled, this chlorine can become a human health risk and is a large component in the formation of acid rain. U.S. EPA has developed different requirements to control the emissions of chlorine from the different classes of combustion units. 

The pulp and paper industry is the largest industrial process water user in the U.S.5 In 2000, a typical pulp and paper mill used between 15,140 and 45,420 L (4000 to 12,000 gal) of water per ton of pulp produced. 1 2 3 4 General water pollution concerns for pulp and paper mills are effluent solids, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and color. Toxicity concerns historically occurred from the potential presence of chlorinated organic compounds such as dioxins, furans, and others (collectively referred to as adsorbable organic halides, or AOX) in wastewaters after the chlorination/ extraction sequence. With the substitution of chlorine dioxide for chlorine, discharges of the chlorinated compounds have decreased dramatically. 

BOD, color, chlorinated organic compounds Solids, often precipitated for reuse Solids, BOD, color... 

Potential environmental hazards from wastewater sludges are associated with trace constituents (e.g., chlorinated organic compounds) that partition from the effluent into the sludge. It should be noted, however, that recent trends away from elemental chlorine bleaching have reduced these hazards. A continuing concern is the very high pH (>12.5) of most residual wastes. When these wastes are disposed of in an aqueous form, they may meet the RCRA definition of a corrosive hazardous waste.24... 

Asbestos fibers, dissolved chlorine, dissolved hydrogen, sodium chloride lead, chlorinated organic compound Lead, chlorinated organic compound, such as methylene chloride and hexachlorinated benzenes Mercury, asbestos fibers, chlorinated hydrocarbons Hypochlorite... 

HC1 is an acidic gas that forms when chlorinated organic compounds in hazardous wastes are burned. An incinerator burning hazardous waste cannot emit more than 1.8 kg of HCl/h or more than 1% of the total HC1 in the stack gas prior to entering any pollution control equipment, whichever is larger. 

Kirkpatrick, M.J., Finney, W.C. and Locke, B.R. (2003) Chlorinated organic compound removal by gas phase pulsed streamer corona electrical discharge with reticulated vitreous carbon electrodes, Plasmas and Polymers 8, 165-77. 

After many attempts with several anode materials we found a stable anode. Silicon carbide and iron silicide, etc. in a conducting form are stable towards chlorine. The chlorine formed on the anode then reacts with the solvent (THF) forming chlorinated organic compounds. 

The Ebro catchment is the largest river basin in Spain. It covers an area of 85,362 km2 (http //www.chebro.es) and receives the potential influence of three million people. It suffers a considerable ecological impact from different industrial activities located predominantly in the last third of its course. These activities result on the release to the Ebro River and to some of its tributaries of Tm quantities of chlorinated organic compounds, PBDE and other brominated flame retardants, mercury, and other metals. In addition, intensive agricultural practices, mainly concentrated in the last 30 km of the river course and in its Delta, imply the use of large quantity of pesticides and fertilizers. In this paper, we review physiological effects of these pollutants in resident fish and shellfish populations and provide a general picture of the health status of the low course of the Ebro River. 

Chlorinated organic compounds are notoriously persistent and are therefore prominent on the list of priority pollutants. However, this is not always the case,... 

Pyral A process for destroying toxic waste oiganochlorine compounds. The wastes are mixed with carbon and sodium carbonate and injected into a graphite-lined arc furnace. Metallic sodium, formed by reduction of the sodium carbonate by the carbon, attacks the chlorinated organic compounds, forming sodium chloride. Developed by Hydro-Quebec in the late 1980s but not yet commercialized. 

Bierl [28] has described a procedure based on the micro-steam distillation and extraction technique for recovery and determination of low and medium-boiling chlorinated organic compounds. Recoveries of around 90%... 

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