Hydro Quebec

Tec. produces Li ion batteries. Yuasa works with Hydro-Quebec on polymer systems. 

Hydro-Quebec (with Yuasa) and 3M were awarded a 33 million development contract from USABC for electric vehicles. Europe ... 

Hydro-Quebec, Montreal 0-8412-0506-x/79/47-104-113 06.00/0 1979 American Chemical Society... 

Hydro Quebec, Genivar. 1997. Summary Report. Evolution of fish mercury levels at the La Grande complex, Quebec. (1978-1994). 

Labrecque, R. and Laflamme, C., Electricity-assisted syngas generation, Report Hydro Quebec Institut de Recherche, June 2002. 

Pyral A process for destroying toxic waste oiganochlorine compounds. The wastes are mixed with carbon and sodium carbonate and injected into a graphite-lined arc furnace. Metallic sodium, formed by reduction of the sodium carbonate by the carbon, attacks the chlorinated organic compounds, forming sodium chloride. Developed by Hydro-Quebec in the late 1980s but not yet commercialized. 

Europe and Japan are far ahead of the US in scaling up electrochemical processes. Companies active in the area are BASF AG (Ludwigshafen, Germany), Hoechst AG (Frankfurt, Germany), SNPE (Paris, France), ICI PLC (Cheschire, UK), Asahi Chemical Co (Nobeoka, Japan), LTEE d Hydro Quebec, et al. 

The main contributions to this development stem from by B.C. Research (BCR) [129,130] for Pacific Northern Gas Ltd. and W.R.-Grace/Hydro-Quebec [129-131] in the period 1980 till 1992. The economic viability of this process depends largely on the performance of the electrochemical reactors for the generation of Ce4+, which should produce concentrated solutions of Ce4 + ( > 0.3 M) at high current density ( > 1 kA/m2), high current efficiency ( > 70%) and long life ( > 2 years). 

The process is nearing the end of a 3000 hour pilot trial at the Shawinigan laboratory of Hydro-Quebec in a commercial scale Electro Prod Cell, or an ICI FM21 SP cell, divided by a membrane. The pilot plant based on commercially available electrochemical cells has a design capacity of 100 t/year [132], Compounds examined on the laboratory scale using the Ce(IV) methane sulfonic acid process are summarized in Table 11. 

Fig. 11. Hydro Quebec electrochemical plant for the synthesis of hydroquinone, using an Electro Prod Cell (photograph supplied by Hydro-Quebec)...

Ravet, N. Besner, S. Simoneau, M. Vallee, A. Armand, M. Magnan, J.-F. (Hydro-Quebec) European Patent 1049182A2, 2000. 

Another prospect for eflBcient energy conversion is the fuel cell. The diflFerent types of fuel cells presently under study or development were reviewed by G. Belanger of Hydro-Quebec, who concluded that commercial availability of such units is now in sight. However, the need to develop cheap, efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction remains. 

At IREQ, besides the participation in the field tests run by the engineers of Hydro-Quebec (12), the main effort has been to tackle fundamental problems in the field of electrocatalysis (18-22) and of anodic oxidation of different potential fuels (23-26). A careful and extensive study of the electrochemical properties of the tungsten bronze has been carried out (18-20) the reported activity of these materials in acid media for the oxygen reduction could not be reproduced and this claim by other workers has been traced back to some platinum impurities in the electrodes. Some novel techniques in the area of electrode preparation are also under study (21,22) the metallic deposition of certain metals on oriented graphite show some interesting catalytic features for the oxygen reduction and also for the oxygen evolution reaction. 

There is no detailed documentation of the number of chemists and chemical engineers employed in the nuclear power industry. Within AECL there are 300 in a total staff of 6000 (5%). Within Ontario Hydro (26) there are approximately 145 in a total staff of 3300 associated with nuclear power generation (4.4%). The Canadian Nuclear Association (CNA) estimates that in 1976 there were about 18,400 people employed in the Canadian nuclear industry, excluding the uranium industry (27) If about 4% of these were chemists or chemical engineers, one can estimate that a total of about 700 were employed in the industry at that time. There is likely to be considerable expansion of the industry by 1985, particularly in the utilities such as Ontario Hydro, Hydro Quebec, and New Brunswick Power which already have additional nuclear capacity under construction. The expansion will in turn provide new opportunities for members of this profession. 

EU = European Union USABC = United States Battery Advanced Consortium IREQ = Hydro-Quebec ANL = Argonne National Laboratory EDF = Electricity de France LIBES = Lithium Battery Energy Storage Technology Research Association,... 

Hydro-Quebec Production Hydro-Quebec Distribution Hydro-Quebec TransEnergie Societe d Energie de la Baie James Hydro-Quebec Equipement Technologies M4, Inc. 

Real Laporte, Pres., Hydro-Quebec Equipment Marie-Jose Nadeau, Sec. Gen. 

Real Laporte, Pres./CEO-Societe d energie de la Baie James Richard Cacchione, Pres., Hydro-Quebec Production Isabelle Courville, Pres., Hydro-Quebec TransEnergie Andre Boulanger, Pres., Hydro-Quebec Distribution Michael L. Turcotte, Chmn. 

While the successful commercial demonstration of a pure polymer electrolyte Li battery has not yet occurred, developmental batteries have been demonstrated. An ongoing joint venture between the 3M Company and the Canadian utility Hydro-Quebec has recently produced a Li metal anode/intercalation cathode electric vehicle (EV)-oriented battery which operates at 60-80°C. Approximately 600 cycles to 80% depth of discharge have been demonstrated by using an approximate threefold molar excess of Li metal foil to cathode active material with LiN(S02CF3)2 solute and a VO cathode. 

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