Organic chlorine compounds pyrolysis

Table 9-6. Thermal Plasma Pyrolysis of Organic Chlorine Compounds...

Thermal Plasma Pyrolysis of Dichloroethane, Butyl Chloride, Hexachlorane, and Other Organic Chlorine Compounds for Further Synthesis of Vinyl Chloride... 

Ethane occurs in natural gas, from which it is isolated. Ethane is among the chemically less reactive organic substances. However, ethane reacts with chlorine and bromine to form substitution compounds. Ethyl iodide, bromide, or chlorides are preferably made by reaction with ethyl alcohol and the appropriate phosphorus halide. Important ethane derivatives, by successive oxidation, are ethyl alcohol, acetaldehyde, and acetic acid. Ethane can also be used for the production of aromatics by pyrolysis (Fig. 1). 

From the point of view of thermal decomposition behaviour, it is convenient to group the organic bromides and chlorides together because of kinetic features which are common to both these sets of compounds. The usual products of pyrolysis of brominated and chlorinated hydrocarbons are hydrogen halide and alkenes, but rearrangement reactions may also occur. Many of these decomposition reac-... 

Triazines are one of the oldest known compound classes in organic chemistry. First reports date back to 1776 when cyanuric acid (l,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triol 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(l//,3//,5f/)-trione) was obtained by the pyrolysis of uric acid.1 The same method was also utilized in 1820 2 however, triazine compounds were probably first prepared in 1704 upon trimerization of cyanide derivatives when the Berlinerblau -complex salt, the first known cyano compound, was discovered.468 Cyanuric chloride was synthesized in 1828 from hydrogen cyanide and chlorine.3 Another method, discovered in 1834, involves treatment of potassium thiocyanate with chlorine. When heated, cyanuric chloride is obtained.4 Melamine (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine) was also prepared in 1834 by heating potassium thiocyanate with ammonium chloride.5 Although 2,4,6-substituted 1,3,5-triazine derivatives were identified very early, the unsubstituted parent compound was not synthesized before 1895.6 At that time, however, the isolated compound was assigned to a dimeric species and not to the trimeric hydrogen cyanide. This was finally proven much later."... 

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