Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride

Synonyms chlorhexidine dihydrochloride chlorhexidini hydrochloridum 1,1 -hexamethylenebis [5 -(4-chlorophe-nyl) biguanide] dihydrochloride. 

Oelschlager H, Canenbley R. Clear indication of chlorhexidine dihydrochloride precipitate in isotonic eye-drops report based on experience on the use of chlorhexidine as a preservative. Pharm Ztg 1983 128 1166-1168. 

Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride CAS 3697-42-5 EINECS/ELINCS 223-026-6 Synonyms N,N -Bis (4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-2,4,11,13-tetraazatetradecanediimidamide, dihydrochloride Chlorhexidine HCI Chlorhexidine hydrochloride 2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide, N,N -bis (4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-, dihydrochloride Definition Salt of chlorhexidine and hydrochloric acid... 

Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide, N,N -bis (4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-, dihydrochloride. See Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride... 

N,N-Dimethyl-N-lauric acid-amidopropyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine N,N-Dimethyl-N-myristyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine N,N-Dimethyl-N-palmityl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine N,N-Dimethyl-N-stearyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine N,N-Dimethyl-N-tallow-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine N,N-Distearyl-N-methyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium betaine bactericide, cosmetics Bisabolol 2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol Chlorhexidine diacetate Chlorhexidine digluconate Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride Chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimonium chloride Chlorphenesin Coco-betaine Cocodimethylammonium-3-sulfopropylbetaine Dimethylhydroxymethylpyrazole Methenammonium chloride Potassium methylparaben Potassium sorbate Sodium butylparaben Sodium pyrithione bactericide, creams/lotions Chlorhexidine digluconate bactericide, cutting fluids... 

Calcium undecylenate L-Camphor Cetalkonium chloride Cetearalkonium bromide Cetrimonium bromide Cetrimonium chloride Cetylpyridinium chloride Chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine diacetate Chlorhexidine digluconate Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride Chloroacetamide Chlorobutanol Chlorophene Chloroxylenol Chlorphenesin Climbazole o-Cymen-5-ol Diazolidinyl urea Dilauryl thiodipropionate Dimethyl hydantoin-formaldehyde polymer Dimethylhydroxymethylpyrazole Dimethyl oxazolidine DM DM hydantoin Edetic acid Ethyl benzoate Ethylparaben Ethyl vanillate Fluorosalan Formaldehyde Formic acid Glutaral Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) seed extract Hexamethylenetetramine Hexamidine... 

L-Camphor Cetrimonium bromide Chlorhexidine digluconate Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride Chloroacetamide Chlorobutanol hemihydrate p-Chloro-m-cresol Chloroform Chloroxylenol Chlorphenesin... 

The minimum inhibition concentrations listed in Table 142 show that the Chlorhexidine digluconate formulation disposes of a broad efficacy spectrum. It may be utilized as a preservative in cosmetics, as an active ingredient in handwashes and scrubs, for dental and veterinary applications. - Percentage of use in US formulations chlorhexidine digluconate 0.09% chlorhexidine acetate 0.01% chlorhexidine dihydrochloride 0.02%. 

Cf,H f,N2 124-09-4) see Hexamethonium chloride Hexcarbaeholine bromide hexamethylenediamine dihydrochloride C(,H,nCl2N2 6055-52-3) see Chlorhexidine 2,2"-(hexamethylenediiniino)bis[3, 4 -dihydroxyaceto-phenone]... 

Smith RN, Anderson RN, Kolenbrander PE. Inhibition of intergeneric coaggregation among oral bacteria by cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorhexidine digluconate and octenidine dihydrochloride. J Periodontal Res 1991 26(5) 422 28. 

Chlorhexidine may be prepared either by condensation of polymethylene bisdicyandiamide with 4-chloroaniline hydrochloride or by condensation of 4-chlorophenyl dicyandiamine with hexamethylenediamine dihydrochloride. Chlorhexidine may also be synthesized from a series of biguanides. ... 

Chlorhexidine possesses marked bactericidal action against a wide range of micro-organisms. The base has a low aqueous solubility (0.008 % w/v) a wide range of salts have been prepared and their solubilities measured (Table 6.8). The dihydrochloride has a solubility of 0.06%, the diacetate 1.8% and as the gluconate has a solubility > 70 % there would appear to be little need for the preparation of solubilized formulations. However, surfactants may be present in chlorhexidine formulations because of the low solubility of chlorhexidine sulphate and related salts with inorganic ions present in water, extemporaneously prepared solutions diluted from concentrates may precipitate. Non-ionic and... 

Figure 6.13 Solubility of chlorhexidine diacetate ( ) and dihydrochloride (O) as a function of concentration of the decaoxyethylene oleic ether, Brij 96. Each point is the average of two or three independent determinations. From Wesoluch et al. [66] with permission.

Evidence of decreased solubility of both chlorhexidine diacetate and chlor-hexidine dihydrochloride in Brij surfactant mixtures has been adduced [203] though this is only clear in the case of the dihydrochloride at concentrations higher than 5% when uptake is some 30% higher in Brij 96 than in Brij 92-96 mixtures if HLB =11. 

---