Edetic Acid

BP Edetic acid PhEur Acidum edeticum USPNE Edetic acid 

Dissolvine edathamil EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (ethylenedinitrilo)tetraacetic acid Sequestrene AA tetracemic acid Versene Acid. 

Edetic acid and edetate salts are used in pharmaceutical formulations, cosmetics, and foods as chelating agents. They form stable water-soluble complexes (chelates) with alkaline earth and heavy metal ions. The chelated form has few of the properties of the free ion, and for this reason chelating agents are often described as removing ions from solution this process is also called sequestering. The stability of the metal-edetate complex depends on the metal ion involved and also on the pH. The calcium chelate is relatively weak and will preferentially chelate heavy metals, such as iron, copper, and lead, with the release of calcium ions. For this reason, edetate calcium disodium is used therapeutically in cases of lead poisoning see also Section 18. 

Edetic acid and edetates are primarily used as antioxidant synergists, sequestering trace amounts of metal ions, particularly copper, iron, and manganese, that might otherwise catalyze autoxidation reactions. Edetic acid and edetates may be used alone or in combination with true antioxidants the usual concentration employed being in the range 0.005-0.1% w/v. Edetates have been used to stabilize ascorbic acid  

Edetic acid and edetates possess some antimicrobial activity but are most frequently used in combination with other antimicrobial preservatives owing to their synergistic effects. Many solutions used for the cleaning, storage, and wetting of contact lenses contain disodium edetate. Typically, edetic acid and edetates are used in concentrations of 0.01-0.1% w/v as antimicrobial preservative synergists see Section 10. 

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Alitame (trade name Adame) is a water-soluble, crystalline powder of high sweetness potency (2000X, 10% sucrose solution sweetness equivalence). The sweet taste is clean, and the time—intensity profile is similar to that of aspartame. Because it is a stericaHy hindered amide rather than an ester, ahtame is expected to be more stable than aspartame. At pH 2 to 4, the half-life of aUtame in solution is reported to be twice that of aspartame. The main decomposition pathways (Fig. 6) include conversion to the unsweet P-aspartic isomer (17) and hydrolysis to aspartic acid and alanine amide (96). No cyclization to diketopiperazine or hydrolysis of the alanine amide bond has been reported. AUtame-sweetened beverages, particularly colas, that have a pH below 4.0 can develop an off-flavor which can be avoided or minimized by the addition of edetic acid (EDTA) [60-00-4] (97). 

CHN 74-90-8) see L-Alanine Alfentanil Dimethadione Edetic acid Ibuprofen Indanorex Mecamylamine Molsidomine Nadoxolol D-Penicillamine Phensuximide L-Tryptophan Vetrabutine hydrogen peroxide... 

CNNa 143-33-9) see Alclofenac Alpidem Amphetaminil Atorvastatin calcium Azatadine Calcium pantothenate Carnitine Clopidogrel hydrogensulfate Clortermine Dexrazoxane Diclofenac Diloxanide Edetic acid Epinastine hydrochloride Ethosuximide Ethotoin Fenoprofen Ibuprofen Irbesartan Ketoprofen Lonazolac Mephenytoin Mepindolol Montelukast sodium Nabilone Oxymetazoline Paramethadione Pentorex Saquinavir Suprofen Thiamphenicol Tolmetin Trimazosin Zolpidem sodium cyanoborohydride... 

Dissolve in the following order azelastine hydrochloride, edetic acid, sodium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, citric acid, and sodium monohydrogen-phosphate, and mix well. 

ECBIHCP European Union Risk-Assessment Report, Edetic Acid (EDTA), European Chemicals Bureau, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Ispra (2004). 

Antioxidant synergists These enhance the effect of antioxidants Edetic acid, sodium edetate... 

Edetic acid Edetate sodium Edetate disodium Edetate trisodium Edetate calcium disodium... 

Edetic acid is obtained as crystals from water Edetate sodium is a powder Edetate disodium is composed of dihydrate crystals Edetate trisodium is obtained as monohydrate crystals from water Edetate calcium disodium is a tetrahydrate powder. All materials are white in color, and odorless. 

Edetic acid very slightly soluble in water (0.5 g/L at 25°C)... 

The USP [2] describes the following identification tests for edetic acid, edetate disodium and edetate calcium disodium. 

Edetic acid (EDTA), edetate disodium, and edetate calcium disodium are the subjects of three monographs in the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) [2]. Only disodium edetate is official in the British Pharmacopoeia (BP) [3]. 

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