Chlorella

Chlorella pyrenoidosa 200-m ponds outdoor sunlight, continuous CO2, urea autotrophic or mixotrophic with acetate 6.0-7.0 19.0-30.5 34... 

The avadabihty of CO2 and the pH ate intimately related because the preferred pH range for growth of many species, such as Chlorella is pH 6.5—7.0 and most of the CO2 is bound as bicarbonate (HCO3 ) in solution. Additional CO2 beyond that present in air (0.03%) must be provided to attain optimum growth. 

Amino acid Chlorella sp. Scenedesmus sp. Spirulina sp. FAO reference pattern... 

In Japan Chlorella spp has been produced for food in continuous aseptic systems in conventional bioreactors. The organisms are grown in the dark as heterotrophs using sucrose (in the form of molasses) or glucose as carbon and energy source. Production has been 2,000-3,000 tonnes per year at a selling price of (US)10-22 kg 1 (1990 prices). This product is sold as a high-value health food. 

In the production of Chlorella spp for SCP from molasses, bioreactors rather than lagoons are used because ... 

Only Chlorella spp. can use foe CO2 in such exhaust gas emissions. Open (sunlit) lagoons would be necessary. 

Chlorella vulgaris nitrate reductase structure, 3,1438 Chlorides... 

Munns, R., Greenway, H., Stelter, T.L. Kuo, J. (1983). Turgor pressure, volumetric elastic modulus, osmotic volume and ultrastructure of Chlorella emersoni grown at high and low external NaCl. Journal of Experimental Botany, 34,144-55. 

A similarity-related approach is k-nearest neighbor (KNN) analysis, based on the premise that similar compounds have similar properties. Compounds are distributed in multidimensional space according to their values of a number of selected properties the toxicity of a compound of interest is then taken as the mean of the toxicides of a number (k) of nearest neighbors. Cronin et al. [65] used KNN to model the toxicity of 91 heterogeneous organic chemicals to the alga Chlorella vulgaris, but found it no better than MLR. 

Cronin MTD, Netzeva TI, Dearden JC, Edwards R, Worgan ADR Assessment and modeling of the toxicity of organic chemicals to Chlorella vulgaris development of a novel database. Chem Res Toxicol 2004 17 545-54. 

Tests of biological activity revealed that compound [480], whose complete structure was determined to be (15,25,4R,5R, 1 F)-2-bromo-1 -bromomethyl-1,4-dichloro-5-(2 -chloroethenyl)-5-methylcyclohexane by X-ray crystallographic analysis, is very toxic to Chlorella fusca under laboratory conditions. The other compounds... 

Engel, N. et ah. Chlorophyll catabolism in Chlorella protothecoides Isolation and structure elucidation of a red bilin derivative, FEES Lett., 293, 131, 1991. 

Hortensteiner, P. et ah. Chlorophyll breakdown in Chlorella protothecoides characterization of degreening and cloning of degreening-related genes. Plant Mol. Biol., 42, 439, 2000. 

Engel, N., Curty, C., and Gassauer, A., Chlorophyll catabolism in Chlorella prototh-ecoides. 8. Facts and artefacts. Plant Physiol Biochem., 34, 77, 1996. 

Microalgae were used for oxidation and hydroxylation of organic compounds (Fig. 3). For example, hydroxylation of (5 )-limonene affords a mixture of cis and trans carveols. " By hydroxylation and oxidation using Chlorella, " ... 

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