Chitosans nanoparticles

Keywords Chitosan Nanoparticles Microspheres Chemically modified chitosans Polyelectrolyte complexes Oral and nasal administration Nerve, cartilage and bone regeneration Wound dressing... 

Ohya et al. reported poly(ethyleneglycol)-grafted chitosan nanoparticles as peptide drug carriers. The incorporation and release of insulin was dependent on the extent of the reaction of poly(ethyleneglycol) with chitosan [190]. 

Lee et al. reported a novel and simple method for delivery of adriamycin using self-aggregates of deoxycholic acid modified chitosan. Deoxycholic acid was covalently conjugated to chitosan via a carbodiimide-mediated reaction generating self-aggregated chitosan nanoparticles. Adriamycin was... 

Chang, Y.C., Chang, S.W. and Chen, D.H. (2006) Magnetic chitosan nanoparticles studies on chitosan binding and adsorption of Co(II) ions. Reactive and Functional Polymers, 66, 335-341. 

H. S. Ch ng, in Formulation and Release Studies of 5-Fluorou-racil from Chitosan-Nanoparticles, Penang, Malaysia, 1999, Malaysian Society of Pharmacology and Physiology/Singapore University Press, p. S56. 

Fernandez-Urrusuno, R., Calvo, P., Remunan-Lopez, C., Vila-Jato, J. L., and Alonso, M. J. (1999). Enhancement of nasal absorption of insulin using chitosan nanoparticles. Pharm. Res. 16,1576-1581. 

Zhang, Y., Yang, Y., Tang, K., Hu, X., Zou, G. (2008). Physicochemical characterization and antioxidant activity of quercetin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 107, 891-897. 

Pan, Y., et al. 2002. Bioadhesive polysaccharide in protein delivery system chitosan nanoparticles improve the intestinal absorption of insulin in vivo. Int J Pharm 249 139. 

Femandez-Urrasuno, R., et al. 1999. Enhancement of nasal absorption of insulin using chitosan nanoparticles. Pharm Res 16 1576. 

Dyer, A.M., et al. 2002. Nasal delivery of insulin using novel chitosan based formulations A comparative study in two animal models between simple chitosan formulations and chitosan nanoparticles. Pharm Res 19 998. 

De Campos, A.M., et al. 2004. Chitosan nanoparticles as new ocular drug delivery systems In vitro stability, in vivo fate, and cellular toxicity. Pharm Res 21 803. 

Fig. 9.1 Mucoadhesion studies amount of FDA remaining on the intestinal mucosa when applying fluoresceine diacetate (FDA) alone (grey bars), incorporated into chitosan nanoparticles (white bars) and into thiolated chitosan nanoparticles (black bars). Adapted from Bernkop-Schnurch et al. (2006)...

Bowman, K., R. Sarkar, et al. (2008). Gene transfer to hemophilia A mice via oral delivery of FVIII-chitosan nanoparticles. J Control Release. 

Sarmento, B., A. Ribeiro, et al. (2007b). Alginate/chitosan nanoparticles are effective for oral insulin delivery. Pharm Res 24(12) 2198-206. 

Zheng, F., X.-W. Shi, et al. (2007). Chitosan nanoparticle as gene therapy vector via gastrointestinal mucosa administration Results of an in vitro and in vivo study. Life Sci. 80 388-396. 

Pan Y, Li YJ, Zhao HY, Zheng JM, Xu H, Wei G, Hao JS, Cui FD (2002) Bioadhesive polysaccharide in protein delivery system chitosan nanoparticles improve the intestinal absorption of insulin in vivo. Int J Pharm 249(1-2) 139-147 Park K, Robinson JR (1984) Bioadhesive polymers as platforms for oral-controlled drug delivery method to study bioadhesion. Int J Pharm 19 107-127 Patel H, Ryman BE (1981) Systemic and oral administration of liposomes. In Knight CG(ed) Liposomes From Physical Structure To Therapeutic Applications, Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 409-441... 

Martien, R., B. Loretz, A.M. Sandbichler and Bemkop Schniirch A (2008). Thiolated chitosan nanoparticles transfection study in the Caco-2 differentiated cell culture. Nanotechnology 19 045101 (9 pp). 

Katas, H., and Alpar, H.O. (2006) Development and characterisation of chitosan nanoparticles for siRNA delivery. Journal of Controlled Release 115 216-225. 

Fernandez-Urrusuno R, Romani D, Calvo P, Vila-Jato JL, Alonso MJ (1999) Development of a freeze-dried formulation of insulin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles intended for nasal administration. S.T.P. Pharma Sci 9 429-436... 

De Campos AM, Sanchez A, Alonso MJ (2001) Chitosan nanoparticles A new vehicle for the improvement of the delivery of drugs to ocular surface. Application to cyclosporin A. Int J Pharm 224 159-168... 

Lopez-Leon, T., Carvalho, E. L., Seijo, B., Ortega-Vinuesa, J. L., and Bastos-Gonzalez, D. (2005), Physicochemical characterization of chitosan nanoparticles Electrokinetic and stability behavior,/. Colloid Interface Sci., 283(2), 344-351. 

Douglas, K. L., and Tabrizian, M. (2005), Effect of experimental parameters on the formation of alginate-chitosan nanoparticles and evaluation of their potential application as DNA carrier, /. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed., 16(1), 43-56. 

Borges, O., Cordeiro-da-Silva, A., Romeijn, S. G., Amidi, M., de Sousa, A., Borchard, G, and Junginger, H. E. (2006), Uptake studies in rat Peyer s patches, cytotoxicity and release studies of alginate coated chitosan nanoparticles for mucosal vaccination, J. Controlled Release, 114(3), 348-358. 

Enriquez de Salamanca, A., Diebold, Y., Calonge, M., Garcia-Vazquez, C., Callejo, S., Vila, A., and Alonso, M. J. (2006), Chitosan nanoparticles as a potential drug delivery system for the ocular surface Toxicity, uptake mechanism and in vivo tolerance, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 47(4), 1416-1425. 

Ma, Z., and Lim, L. Y. (2003), Uptake of chitosan and associated insulin in Caco-2 cell monolayers A comparison between chitosan molecules and chitosan nanoparticles, Pharm. Res., 20(11), 1812-1819. 

Since the concentrations of insulin to be administered in the sheep model would have been large, the insulin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were not investigated in that model. However, the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of various insulin-chitosan preparations were compared with postloaded insulin-chitosan nanoparticles. It was found that chitosan solution and chitosan powder formulations were far better, with the chitosan powder formulation showing a bioavailability of 17% as against 1.3 and 3.6% for the chitosan nanoparticles and chitosan solution [72], The effects of the concentration and osmolarity of chitosan and the presence of absorption enhancers in the chitosan solution on the permeation of insulin across the rabbit nasal mucosa in vitro and in vivo were investigated, and the same... 

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