Cements phenol-formaldehyde

Spent resins are generally compatible with the polymer matrix material. Generally, the polymer and the resin do not interact chemically. The immobilization of spent ion-exchange resins in polymers is a common application all over the world. Epoxy resins, polyesters, polyethylene, polystyrene and copolymers, polyurethane, phenol-formaldehyde, and polystyrene are among the polymers used (IAEA, 1988). Inorganic materials are generally not immobilized using polymers because they are more acceptable to other immobilization matrices such as cement. 

Durite [Borden], TM for a series of phenol-formaldehyde resins used in the manufacture of grinding wheels, brake linings, clutch facings, lamp-base cements. 

UF, urea-formaldehyde resin MUF, melamine fortified UF resin MF/MUF, melamine and melamine-urea resins (MF resins are only used mixed/coreacted with UF resins MUPF, melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde resin PF/PUF, phenol and phenol-urea-formaldehyde resin (P)RF, resoreinol-(phenol-)formaldehyde resin PMDI, polymeric methylenediisocyanate PVAc, polyvinylacetate adhesive old nat.adhesives, old (historic) natural adhesives (e.g., starch, glutin, casein adhesives) nat.adhesives, natural adhesives (e.g., tannins, lignins, carbohydrates) inorg.adhesives, inorganic adhesives (e.g., cement, gypsum) activation activation constituents of wood to function as adhesives (i.e., lignin). 

Synonyms Butylated phenol-formaldehyde resin p-t-Butyl phenol formaldehyde resin Phenol formaldehyde butyl resin Uses Tackifier for rubbers, adhesives, cements ManufJDIstrib. Solutia Trade Names Containing Santolink EP 560... 

Combustion Energy Alkaline Hydrolysis or Direct AoDlications Phenol-Formaldehyde Resins, Epoxy-modified lignin, Aminated Lignin, Sulfonated Lignin, Cement, Ceramics, Emulsions, Fertilisers, Silicon Carbide Pyrolysis CO, H2, Methane, Phenol, Ethene, Benzene Alkaline Melt or Hvdroaenoivsis Phenols... 

Superplasticizers used in combination with Portland cement are distinctly less effective with high-alumina cement. A product based on sul-fonated phenol formaldehyde was found to be more effective than naphthalene-type and melamine-type resins (Banfill and Gill, 1993). The retarding effect associated with the use of superplasticizers may be overcome by simultaneously adding a lithium salt to the mix (Gill et al., 1986). 

The matrices used in sisal fiber-reinforced composites include thermoplastics (polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, PVC, etc.), thermosets (epoxy, polyester, and phenol-formaldehyde resin, etc.), rubber (namral rubber, styrene-buta-diene mbber, etc.) gypsum, and cement. The effects of fiber length, fiber orientation, processing methods, fiber volume fi-action and fiber surface treatment on the mechanical and physical properties of sisal fiber reinforced composites have been smdied. 

Ymyl chloride-aaylic acid copolymer and epoxy resin latices and a phenol formaldehyde resin solution were used to modify sand-cement mortars at room tanperature. The compression strength increased with an increase in the latex/resin concentration and with the addition of calcium chloride or calcium carbonate and a superplasticiser. Tensile and flexural strengths also increased with polymer incorporation. The porosity of the modified mortars decreased with the addition of resin. The percentage of water absorption and acid solubility decreased for the latex/resin modified samples. 21 refs. INDIA... 

Colophony (Rosin), 20% pet (coating on nails, pine dust, cement, varnishes, paint driers) (see Chap. 64) Paratertiarybutyl-phenol-formaldehyde resin, 1% pet (adhesives)... 

A durable and popular composite, transite, was asbestos with up to 15% cement. In the form of boards and sheets, it was a substitute for wood, and in severe climates, was used for roofing, fence materials, and other structures because it weathers as extremely well. Transite with asbestos is no longer available. Its replacement, silica, has limited applications because of health concerns. Other composites are continuously being developed to serve the needs of industry. Other composites include linoleum (linseed oil and jute), Bakelite (phenol-formaldehyde resin and cellulose fiber), plywood, and vehicle tires. 

These cements consist of a two-stage phenol-formaldehyde resin, calcium carbonate filler and enough hexamethylenetetramine to catalyze the reaction of the resin with heat. Various organic dyes are sometimes added. Material also can be used for insulating coatings for ceramic capacitors and printed circuits. (See LIME and WHITING.)... 

Nitrile rubbers are compatible with phenol-formaldehyde resins, resorcinol-formaldehyde resins, vinyl chloride resins, alkyd resins, cou-marone-indene resins, chlorinated rubber, hydrogenated rosins, coal-tar resins, epoxies, and other resins, forming compositions which can be cured and which can provide excellent adhesives of high strength, high oil resistance, and good resilience. Nitrile rubber cements are... 

Wood-based panel products are usually bonded with synthetic adhesives based on condensates of phenol, resorcinol, urea, or melamine with formaldehyde. Particleboards and fiberboards can also be bonded with mineral binders like cement or gypsum. Wood adhesives derived from natural products have more... 

Uses Mfg. of phenolic and thermosetting resins, furan polymers, urea-formaldehyde resins wetting agent foundry sand binders corrosion-resist, resins intermediate for esterification and etherification paints solvent, plasticizer for phenolic resins solvent for dyes and resins nonreactive epoxy resin diluent vise, reducer, cure promoter, and carrier in amine-cured epoxy resins gel retarder in casein/protein glues polymer sealants/cements synthetic flavoring agent in foods and pharmaceuticals cosmetics ingred. in food-pkg. adhesives... 

Ethyl cellulose cellulose nitrate in solution (or general-purpose household cement), epoxy, nitrile-phenolic, synthetic rubber or thermoplastic resin combined with thermosetting resin, and resorcinol-formaldehyde. 

Thermoset plastics are cross-linked by chemical reaction so that their molecules cannot slip by one anotber. They are rigid when cool and cannot be softened by the action of heat. If excessive heat is applied, thermoset plastics will degrade. Consequently, they are not weldable. Because of their chemical resistance, they cannot be solvent cemented. Thermoset plastics are usually joined by either adhesive bonding or mechanical fastening. Typical thermosetting plastics are epoxy, urethane, phenolic, and melamine formaldehyde. 

---