Fibers surface treatment

Drzal, L.T., Rich, M.J. and Lloyd, P.F. (1983). Adhesion of graphite fibers to epoxy matriees. part I. The role of fiber surface treatment. J. Adhesion 16, 1-30. 

Numerical treatment of Eq. (4.104) gives Zmax values for the different composite systems as shown in Table 4.3. It is worth emphasizing that for the SiC fiber-glass matrix composites, z, ax values are very small relative to values, irrespective of the fiber surface treatments and when compared to other epoxy matrix based composites. 

The surface properties of carbon fibers are intimately related to the internal structure of the fiber itself, which needs to be understood if the surface properties are to be modified for specific end applications. Carbon fibers have been made from a number of different precursors, including polyacrylonitrile (PAN), rayon (cellulose) and mesophase pitch. The majority of commercial carbon fibers currently produced are based on PAN, while those based on rayon and pitch are produced in very limited quantities for special applications. Therefore, the discussion of fiber surface treatments in this section is mostly related to PAN-based carbon fibers, unless otherwise specified. 

In the light of the foregoing experimental evidence, the following can be summarized regarding the effects of carbon fiber surface treatments, depending on the methods and media employed ... 

Fig. 5.15. Effect of carbon fiber surface treatment level on ILSS (O) and impact energy ( ) for a carbon fibcr-cpoxy matri.x composite. After Goan ct al. (1973).

Summary of olT-axis properties of carbon fiber-828 mPDA epoxy matrix composites with different fiber surface treatments"... 

Diwanji, A.P. and Hall, I.M. (1992). Fiber and fiber-surface treatment effects in carbon-aluminum metal matrix composites. J. Mater. Sci. 27, 2093-2100. 

Fig. 2.24 The production process for C fibers. Starting with pitch or polyacrylonitrile the fluids are spun into oriented fibers, thermoset, carbonized, and graphi-tized to carbon fibers. Surface treatment improves bonding to resin matrix.

Hojo M, Matsuda S, Ochiai S, Tsujioka N, Nakanaishi Y, Maekawa Z, et al. Mode II interlaminar properties under static and fatigue loadings of for CF/epoxy laminates with different fiber-surface treatment. Adv Compos Mater 2001 10 237-46. http // dx.doi.org/lO. 1163/156855101753396717. 

Goriparthi, B. K., Suman, K. N. S., and Rao, N. M. (2012). Effect of fiber surface treatments on mechanical and abrasive wear performance of polylactide/jute composites. Composites Part A. 43,1800-1808. 

In situ fiber surface treatments can be made prior to... 

Yu, X, Ren, J., Li, S. et al. (2010) Effect of fiber surface-treatments on the properties of poly(lactic acid)/ramie composites. Composites Part A Applied Science and Manufacturing, 41, 499-505. 

Mahy J, Jenneskens LW, Grabandt O, Venema A, Houwelingen GDB, The relation between carbon fiber surface treatment and the fiber surface microstmcture, Surf Interface Anal, 21, 1-13,... 

Fitzer E, Geigl KH, Hiittner W, The influence of carbon fiber surface treatment on the mechanical properties of carbon/carbon composites. Carbon, 18, 265, 1980. 

Manocha LM, Yasuda E, Tanabe Y, Kimura S, Effect of carbon fiber surface treatment on mechanical properties of C/C composites. Carbon, 26, 333, 1988. 

Xuli Fu, Weiming Lu, Chung DDL, Improving the bond strength between carbon fibre and cement by fiber surface treatment and pol5mier addition to cement mix. Cement Concrete Res, 26(7), 1007-1012, 1996. 

Generally, molten metals do not wet the carbon fiber surface and it is necessary to undertake some form of fiber surface treatment or apply a hydraulic pressure to ensure that the molten metal does penetrate the fiber bundle. 

The most extensive study of carbon fiber surface treatments has been done by Sherwood and coworkers [104-108]. Some of their conclusions are outlined here. The functional groups created by anodization in sulfuric acid and in ammonium bicarbonate were dependent on the anodization potential [104]. Carbonyl (R-C=0) bonds were formed at low potential, while R-O-C bonds were formed at higher potentials [104]. 

---