Resin intermediates

Other furan compounds, best derived from furfural, are of interest although commercial volumes are considerably less than those of furfural, furfuryl alcohol, furan, or tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol. Some of these compounds are stiU in developmental stages. Apphcations include solvents, resin intermediates, synthetic mbber modifiers, therapeutic uses, as well as general chemical intermediates. 

Naphthalene, anthracene, carbazole [86-74-8] phenol [108-95-2] and cresyUc acids are found in the tar. Phenol and cresyUc acids are useful as chemical and resin intermediates. The aromatic chemicals are useful in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, dyes, fragrances, and pesticides. Various grades of pitch are made from residues of tar refining. Coal-tar pitch is used for roofing and road tar, and as a binder mixed with petroleum coke to produce anodes for the aluminum industry. 

Semicommercial production of 3,3/4,4 -biphenyltetracarboxyhc dianhydride [2420-87-3] in the United States has been announced by Occidental Chemical Corp. (74). This polyimide resin intermediate is prepared by dehalogenative dimerization of 4-chlorophthalate salts (75) or by oxidative coupling of phthalate esters (76). 

A divergent protocol for a solid-phase synthesis of 3-substituted 2,5-biarylfurans was reported. Thus, reaction of furan zincate A with polymer bound aryl bromide or iodide provides resin intermediates 61. Subsequent bromination-Suzuki coupling reaction followed by further transformations gives rise to structurally diverse 2,3,5-trisubstituted furans 68 in good overall yields and chemical purities <00TL5447>. 

Tai TW and Lessing PA. Modified resin-intermediate of perovskite powders. Part II. Processing for fine, nonagglomerated strontium-doped lanthanum chromite powders. J. Mater. Res. 1992 7 511-519. 

Uses. Solvent for resins intermediate in organic synthesis... 

Uses. Solvent dispersant for resins intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and insecticides... 

Uses. Solvent for synthetic rubber and resins intermediate in chemical synthesis manufacture of polymerized synthetic materials... 

The most widely used epoxy resin intermediates (Araldite, Epon, and Epi-Rez) are produced from the reaction of bisphenol A and epichlorohyorin, as shown in Figure 15.7,... 

Having determined the most successful R1/R2 combinations, we screened a wide variety of alkylating agents for their ability to quaternize resin intermediate 4. For several types of resin intermediate 4 (chosen... 

Several modifications were made to the scheme to improve the stability of some of the resin intermediates and provide improved overall yields of the cleaved products. The final scheme used to synthesize tagged libraries is shown in Fig. 5. 

The synthesis of ethyleneurea from urea and ethylene glycol was achieved most satisfactorily in two steps. In the first step, ethylene glycol and a several molar excess of urea were heated gradually from 150 to 240° during a period of several hours. Ammonia and carbon dioxide were evolved and the product was a liquid which set to a brittle resinous solid when cool. Pyrolysis of this resin at 240-270° under reduced pressure resulted in the formation of some ethyleneurea (yield, based upon ethylene glycol, 25%), but a substantial portion decomposed to a carbonaceous product. If, as the second step, the resinous intermediate was hydrolyzed at about 250°, the yield of ethyleneurea was more than doubled (55%). 

Major attention was devoted to syntheses of ethyleneurea based upon ethylenediamine or ethylene glycol, but reactions of ethanolamine were explored briefly. In general, there seemed to be no advantage over using ethylene glycol, considering availability of raw materials and their costs. Best results were obtained when a mixture of three moles of urea and one mole of ethanolamine was heated for about nine hours at 110° to 245° and the resinous intermediate hydrolyzed under pressure. The yield of ethyleneurea was 55%, based upon ethanolamine, and compared favorably to that obtained from four moles of urea and one mole of ethylene glycol. 

Ethyleneurea was obtained from this resinous intermediate by (a) direct thermal decomposition or (b) water treatment. 

Benzoic Acid. Benzoic acid can be produced by the LPO of toluene using a catalyst such as cobalt or manganese. Domestic production of benzoic acid was about 130 million lb in 2000. Of this amount, about one half went to make phenol or phenolic derivatives. Other uses are in the synthesis of caprolactam and terephthalic acid, and as food additive, and as a plasticizer and resin intermediate. 

The required steps for SPS of C-terminal-modified peptides using the originally envisaged BAL strategy (Fig. 1) are described in Subheadings 3.1.1.-3.1.5. These include (1) reductive amination procedure for the incorporation of appropriately protected C-terminal-modified amino acid derivatives into BAL (2) acylation of the secondary amine-BAL-resin intermediates with an... 

Use Resin intermediate, stabilizer of chlorinated compounds, vinyl resins, and rubber. 

Use Solvent for cellulose, gelling inhibitor in polyester resins, intermediate. 

Use Esters for perfumes and fruit flavors, base for wetting agents, intermediates, plasticizer, resins, intermediate for food-grade additives. 

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