Caustic flake

Caustic flake (NaOH) Water heatment plant (anion) 221 kg/day at 25% solution... 

Synonyms Caustic soda caustic flake lye, caustic liquid caustic... 

Liquid chlorine 50% caustic 50% caustic (rayon) 73% caustic Solid caustic Flake caustic Bead caustic... 

Fusion with caustic soda at 500—800°C in an iron cmcible is an effective method for opening pyrochlores and columbites (20). The reaction mixture is flaked and leached with water to yield an insoluble niobate which can be converted to niobic acid in yields >90 wt% by washing with hydrochloric acid. 

If the untreated brine has the proper pH value, the acidifying effect of the dichromate may be neutralizea by adding commercial flake caustic soda (76 percent pure) in quantity that corresponds to 27 percent of sodium dichromate used, Caustic soda must be thoroughly dissolved in warm water before it is added to the brine,... 

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (caustic soda) White deliquescent solid. Sticks, flakes, pellets. Dissolution in water is highly exothermic. Strongly basic. Severe hazard to skin tissue... 

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (caustic soda) Potassium hydroxide (KOH) (caustic potash) Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) (slaked lime) Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) (aqueous ammonia solution) White deliquescent solid. Sticks, flakes, pellets. Dissolution in water is highly exothermic. Strongly basic. Severe hazard to skin tissue White deliquescent solid. Sticks, flakes, pellets. Dissolution In water is highly exothermic. Strongly basic. Severe hazard to skin tissue White powder soluble in water yielding lime water. Alkaline Weakly alkaline. Emits ammonia gas. Severe eye irritant... 

In a typical experiment, 50 g of NaOH flakes were first dissolved in 120 g of water. The required amount of catalyst was then wet loaded into the caustic solution and 72 g of ethanolamine added. Before heating the autoclave was closed and the air inside purged out with N2. The autoclave was then heated with the set temperature (433 K) reached after about 80 minutes. This time is taken as zero in the plots that follow. The standard operating conditions used for catalyst evaluation unless otherwise stated were as follows temperature 433 K pressure 0.9 MPa ethanolamine concentration 2.9 M NaOH concentration 6.2 M stirrer speed 80 rpm catalyst 8 g with particle size 106-211 pm. 

Fluid loss additives such as solid particles and water-thickening polymers may be added to the drilling mud to reduce fluid loss from the well bore to the formation. Insoluble and partially soluble fluid loss additives include bentonite and other clays, starch from various sources, crushed walnut hulls, lignite treated with caustic or amines, resins of various types, gilsonite, benzoic acid flakes, and carefully sized particles of calcium borate, sodium borate, and mica. Soluble fluid loss additives include carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), low molecular weight hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxy-methYlhydroxyethyl cellulose (CMHEC), and sodium acrylate. A large number of water-soluble vinyl copolymers and terpolymers have been described as fluid loss additives for drilling and completion fluids in the patent literature. However, relatively few appear to be used in field operations. 

Solid particules (example caustic soda flakes)... 

As a rule of thumb 95% of the average chrome plating bath goes down the drain. In the case of our company this amounted to an average monthly addition of 600 to 800 pounds of chromic acid flake. To reduce hexavalent chrome to trivalent chrome requires 1000 to 2000 pounds of sodium metabisulfate a month. We also consumed 3000 to 5000 pounds of liquid caustic soda a month. This would in turn create 20 yards of filter cake every two months. 

Sodium metasilicate, anhydrous Caustic soda, flake... 

Caustic Soda.—-This is supplied in powder, stick, flake and pellet forms, the last two being convenient to use. The pure variety comes on the market in the form of sticks. In weighing out a quantity, the sticks should not be handled. Pieces of a desired size can be broken off by elevating one end and dealing a sharp blow with a knife or file at the desired point. The same remark applies to caustic potash sticks. 30—40% solutions of caustic soda are available in commerce. Usual impurities chloride, carbonate, and chlorate of sodium. 

It was the practice to neutralize slight acidity in such solvents in a pressure vessel (called a neutralizer) that was filled with solid caustic soda flakes or beads. Such treatment was a common method to improve tainted inventories of solvent intermediates and products. The operating team was pleased to secure the equipment and caustic soda to improve this product. 

Decreased handling hazards, especially with irritating or obnoxious powders, as in the flaking of caustic. 

In order to make the walls of the iron pot passive a small amount of alkali chlorate (some 20 kg per 8 000 kg of caustic) is added to the melt. The iron which in spite of this measure dissolves in the caustic in the form of sodium ferrate Fe(ONa)s, is reduced by an admixture of sulphur to give ferrous sulphide which is separated by settling together with other impurities, especially sodium car-bonate. The melt is left standing and cooled to 350 °C. It is then siphoned or pumped by an immersion pump directly to iron drums where it solidifies. Flaked hydroxide can be also obtained if a water cooled rotating drum is dipped into the melt. A thin film of hydroxide will adhere to the rotating drum. The film solidifies and is scraped off with a thin knife. (See Fig. 108.)... 

The NaHS solution is filtered to remove the sulfides of heavy metals, such as Fe, Hg, Ni, Mn, and Cu. The clear filtrate may be sold as a 44-46 percent solution of NaHS or evaporated in stainless steel equipment to crystallize a solid hydrate containing 70-72 percent NaHS, which is sold as a flake product. NaHS is easily converted to Na2S by further reaction with caustic ... 

Properties White lumps, pellets, or flakes. Sp. gr. 2.13. Hygroscopic and very caustic to tissue. Strong base, capable of neutralizing any acidic substance. 

SODIUM HYDROXIDE (CAUSTIC SODA) Physical Properties Sodium hydroxide, NaOH, mol wt 39.998, is a brittle, white, translucent crystalline solid. Because of its corrosive action on all human body tissue, it is also known as caustic soda. Physical properties of the pure material are noted in Table 20. Sodium hydroxide is produced and shipped in the anhydrous state in the form of solid cakes, flakes, or beads, but is used in solution (4). Properties of aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions relevant to industrial operations are available from manufacturers and in handbooks (79). Table 21 lists the significant uses. Table 20. Physical Constants of Pure Sodium Hydroxide ... 

CAUSTIC SODA, dry pOp CAUSTIC SODA, flake pop CAUSTIC SODA, granular pop CAUSTIC SODA, Uquid pop CAUSTIC SODA, soUd pop CAUSTIC SODA, solution pOp HYDROXYDE de SODIUM (FRENCH) LEWIS-RED DEVIL LYE LYE pop O NATRIUMHYDROXID (GERMAN) NATRIUMHYDROXYDE pUTCH) SODA LYE SODIO(IDROSSIDO di) (ITALIAN) SODIUM HYDRATE pop O SODIUM HYDROXIDE, bead pOp SODIUM... 

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