Bovine viral diarrhea

Stuyver LJ, Whitaker T, McBrayer TR, Hernandez-Santiago BI, Lostia S, Tharnish PM, Ramesh M, Chu CK, Jordan R, Shi J, Rachakonda S, Watanabe KA, Otto MJ, Schinazi RF (2003b) Ribonucleoside analogue that blocks replication of bovine viral diarrhea and hepatitis C viruses in culture, Antimicrob Agents Chemother 47 244-254... 

The 2 -C-methyl-substituted ribonucleosides 2 -C-methyladenosine and -guanosine were also found to inhibit the replication of flaviviruses other than HCV, such as bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), yellow fever virus, and West Nile virus (Mighaccio et al. 2003). Other 2 -C-methylribonucleosides such as P-D-2 -deoxy-2 -lluoro-2 -C-methylcytidine (PSl-6130), however, showed little if any activity against BVDV, West Nile virus, or yellow fever virus (Stuyver et al. 2006). 

HCV is a small enveloped single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family and Hepacivirus genus [12]. Other Flaviviridae members include the flaviviruses such as yellow fever virus, and pestiviruses, which are responsible, for example, for bovine viral diarrhea [13]. The most closely related virus identified to date is GBV-B, which infects the tamarind, a new world monkey. GBV-B has also been tentatively classified as a Hepacivirus... 

Suggested Alternatives for Differential Diagnosis Rinderpest, infectious bovine rhino-tracheitis, bovine herpes mammillitis, malignant catarrhal fever, Peste des petits ruminants, vesicular stomatitis, bluetongue, bovine viral diarrhea, and foot rot in cattle, vesicular exanthema of swine, swine vesicular disease, and foreign bodies or trauma. 

Suggested Alternatives for Differential Diagnosis Bovine viral diarrhea/mucosal disease, rinderpest, bluetongue, foot and mouth disease, vesicular stomatitis, pneumonic pas-teurellosis, photosensitive dermatitis, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, theileriosis, rabies, and the tick-borne encephalitides. 

Bhudevi, B. Weinstock, D. Fluorogenic RT-PCR assay (TaqMan) for detection and classification of bovine viral diarrhea virus. Vet. Microbiol. 2001, 33(1), 1-10. 

The virus reduction studies of the three process steps discussed here were performed with HFV-l, Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), Pseudorabies virus (PRV), Reovirus type 3 (Reo), Hepatitis A virus (HAV), and Porcine parvovirus (PPV). HIV-1 was included as a relevant enveloped virus, while BVDV and PRV were tested as specific model viruses for HCV and HBV, respectively (Table 1). Reo was chosen as a non-specific model non-enveloped virus, HAV was included as a relevant virus and PPV was used as a surrogate for human parvovirus B19. All viruses were propagated using standard cell culture conditions. " The appropriate cell lines were infected, at a low multiplicity of infection, and incubated until 4-1- cytopathic effects were observed. The infected cells were frozen and thawed three times to release virus, centrifuged at low speed to remove cell debris and the clarified supernatants were removed for use as virus spikes. 

Human immuno-deficiency Bovine viral diarrhea Pseudorahies virus... 

Compound 72 as well as the corresponding V-nonyl analog were also found to be active against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) by inducing misfolding of viral envelope proteins [187]. In addition, 72 was reported to inhibit human hepatitis B virus [188] as a novel inhibitor of glycolipid biosynthesis [189]. 

Zitzmann, N, Mehta, A S, Carrouee, S, Butters, T D, Platt, F M, McCauley, J, Blumberg, B S, Dwek, R A, Block, T M, Imino sugars inhibit the formation and secretion of bovine viral diarrhea virus, a pestivirus model of hepatitis C virus implications for the development of broad spectrum antihepatitis virus agents, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 11878-11882, 1999. 

Tamura, J. K., Warrener, P., and Collett, M. S. (1993) RNA-stimulated NTPase activity associated with the p80 protein of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus. Virology 193,1-10. 

Kampf, G., Steinmann, J., and Rabenau, H., 2007. Suitability of vaccinia vims and bovine viral diarrhea vims (BVDV) for determining activities of three commonly-used alcohol-based hand mbs against enveloped vimses. BMC Infect. Dis., 7 5. 

Bovine viral diarrhea virus Crotolaria juncea lectin Sepharose 2B 207... 

Pinto AMV, Leite JPG, Ferreira WJ, Cavalcanti DN, Villaca RC, Giongo V, et al. Marine natural seaweed products as potential antiviral drags against bovine viral Diarrhea virus. Rev Bras Farmacogn- raz J Pharmacog 2012 22(4) 813-7. 

Blood platelet membrane Bovine viral diarrhea virus... 

Pinacol is the other diol suitable for preparation of boronic ester inhibitors. In a separate study, a pinacol-protected boronic ester of Ac-Thr-Glu-Leu-Lys-Glu-boroLeu-OH TFA (DPC-AB9144-00) was designed and synthesized as a boron-modified pep-tidyl mimetic of the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) NS4A/NS4B cleavage site and shown to be an effident inhibitor of the BVDV NS3 protease [55]. 

Lecot, S., Belouzard, S., Dubuisson, J. Rouille, Y. (2005). Bovine viral diarrhea virus entry is dependent on clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Journal of Virology, 79, 9826-9829. 

Uses The antiviral activities of artemisinin and artesunate have been reviewed, including actions on human cytomegalovirus and other members of the herpesvirus family (for example, herpes simplex virus type 1 and Epstein-Barr virus), hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and bovine viral diarrhea virus [21 ]. 

Bovine viral diarrhea virus MDBK cells Lecot et al. (2005)... 

Kwon DH, Kwon HY, Kim HJ et al (2005) Inhibition of hepatitis B virus by an aqueous extract of Agrimonia eupatoriah. PhytotherRes 19 355-358 Lecot S, Belouzard S, Dubuisson J et al (2005) Bovine viral diarrhea virus entry is dependent on clathrin-mediated endocytosis. J Virol 79 10826-10829 Lee-Huang S, Zhang L, Huang PL et al (2003) Anti-HIV activity of oUve leaf extract (OLE) and modulation of host ceU gene expression by HIV-1 infection and OLE treatment. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 307 1029-1037... 

Clinical trials on the inhibition of hepatitis C virus (HCV) by Celgosivir (761) have reached an even more advanced stage of testing. Earlier investigations had shown that castanospermine (654) was able to inhibit the growth of infectious bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), an animal model for HCV, in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 47 It was subsequently found... 

Planova 35N Hydrophilic cuprammonium regenerated cellulose Hollow fiber 0.001, 0.01, 0.12, 0.3, 1.0,4.0 35 + 2 Bovine viral diarrhea virus >5.9 Human immunodeficiency virus >7.3 Asahi Kasei Medical Co., Ltd. 

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