Yellow fever virus

The 2 -C-methyl-substituted ribonucleosides 2 -C-methyladenosine and -guanosine were also found to inhibit the replication of flaviviruses other than HCV, such as bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), yellow fever virus, and West Nile virus (Mighaccio et al. 2003). Other 2 -C-methylribonucleosides such as P-D-2 -deoxy-2 -lluoro-2 -C-methylcytidine (PSl-6130), however, showed little if any activity against BVDV, West Nile virus, or yellow fever virus (Stuyver et al. 2006). 

CarriUo A, Stewart KD, Sham HL, Norbeck DW, Kohlbrenner WE, Leonard JM, Kempf DJ, Molla A (1998) In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants with increased resistance to ABT-378, a novel protease inhibitor. J Virol 72 7532-7541 Chambers TJ, Nestorowicz A, Amberg SM, Rice CM (1993) Mutagenesis of the yellow fever virus NS2B protein effects on proteolytic processing, NS2B-NS3 complex formation, and viral replication. J Virol 67 6797-6807... 

Yellow fevert Aqueous homogenate of chick embryos infected with attenuated yellow fever virus 170 1 Centrifugation to remove cell debris 2 Freeze drying Infectivity-titration in cell cultures by plaque assay Tests to exclude extraneous viruses... 

HCV is a small enveloped single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family and Hepacivirus genus [12]. Other Flaviviridae members include the flaviviruses such as yellow fever virus, and pestiviruses, which are responsible, for example, for bovine viral diarrhea [13]. The most closely related virus identified to date is GBV-B, which infects the tamarind, a new world monkey. GBV-B has also been tentatively classified as a Hepacivirus... 

CDC Case Definition A mosquito-borne viral illness characterized by acute onset and constitutional symptoms followed by a brief remission and a recurrence of fever, hepatitis, albuminuria, and symptoms and, in some instances, renal failure, shock, and generalized hemorrhages. Laboratory criteria for diagnosis is (1) fourfold or greater rise in yellow fever antibody titer in a patient who has no history of recent yellow fever vaccination and cross-reactions to other flaviviruses have been excluded or (2) demonstration of yellow fever virus, antigen, or genome in tissue, blood, or other body fluid. 

Material Safety Data Sheet-Infectious Substances Yellow Fever Virus. March 5,2001. 

Yellow fever vaccines Live attenuated strain of yellow fever virus... 

Yellow fever Live virus Subcutaneous One dose 10 years to 10 days before travel Every 10 years 1. Laboratory personnel who may be exposed to yellow fever virus... 

Flavivirus is a genus of the family Flaviviridae composed of nearly 70 arthropod-borne viruses that cause important human diseases, such as yellow fever virus (YFV), DENV, West Nile virus (WNV), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). They cause a variety of diseases including fever, encephalitis, and hemorrhagic fever. In particular, DENV has reemerged in recent years as an increasingly important public health threat affecting more than 100 countries worldwide, with nearly 50 million infections each year and over 2.5 billion people at risk [81]. 

Amberg, S. M., Nestorowicz, A., McCourt, D. W., and Rice, C. M. (1994). NS2B-3 proteinase-mediated processing in the yellow fever virus structural region In vitro and in vivo studies. J. Virol. 68, 3794-3802. 

Rice, C. M., Benches, E. M., Eddy, S. R., Shin, S. J., Sheets, R. L., and Strauss, J. H. (1985). Nucleotide sequence of yellow fever virus Implications for flavivirus gene expression and evolution. Science 229, 726-733. 

Yellow fever is another mosquito-borne disease, which causes jaundice in the victim. The mosquito that carries the yellow fever virus to humans during its blood meal is Aedes aegypti. Jaundice causes a person to ajpear yellow in color, hence the name. While there is no exact treatmerrt for yellow fever, most people recover and have an immunity to the disease for the rest of their lives. Im-murrizafion against the disease is available through cci-nation, but the most effective method used to preverrt yel-... 

Hepatic lesions in the case of yellow fever are more likely to correspond to those of hepatosis, (s. p. 404) There is also evidence of distinct acidophilic hepatocellular necrosis as well as microvesicular fatty degeneration of the hepatocytes. Hyaline, eosinophilic inclusions in the cytoplasm of degenerated hepatic cells (so-called Councilman bodies) are characteristic and were first identified by w.T. Councilman in 1890 in yellow fever (s. p. 396). Acidophilic inclusion bodies in the hepatocellular nuclei which are arranged concentrically around the nucleolus (so-called Torres corpuscles) correspond to the yellow fever virus (C.M. Torres, 1928). The liver does not present any significant signs of inflammation. The reticular fibre structure is maintained, so that the liver architecture is usually completely restored-provided the outcome of the disease is favourable, (s. fig. 23.4)... 

Flaviviruses Yellow fever virus Spherical particles 40 nm in diameterwith an inner core surrounded by an adherent lipid envelope... 

Embryonated hens eggs are still the most convenient hosts for growth of the viruses that are needed for influenza and yellow fever vaccines. Influenza viruses accumulate in high titre in the allantoic fluid of the eggs and yellow fever virus accumulates in the nervous system of the embryos. It is important to use eggs from disease-free flocks and emphasis is placed on screening the latter for various avian viruses. The allantoic fluid or embryos must be har-... 

Isolate yellow fever virus from blood Isolate yellow fever virus from liver biopsy... 

Live attenuated yellow fever virus vaccine is recommended for persons who will be traveling to or living in areas where yellow fever infection occurs and is required for entry into certain countries. The reconstituted vaccine is thermolabile, and unused portions must be discarded 1 hour after reconstimtion. 

Mosquito-bome members of the genus Flavivims in the family Flaviviridae provide some of the most important examples of emerging diseases, as well as one of the earliest documented disease that spread into a new geographic area Yellow fever virus (YFV) from West Africa into the Americas from the seventeenth century. More recently, the enormous resurgence of DENY in the tropical and subtropical areas of the world, the emergence of West Nile virus (WNV) in North America and the spread of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) through much of Asia and into Oceania have been recorded (Mukhopadhyay et al. 2005 Mackenzie et al. 2004). 

Laboratory Centre For Disease Control, Office of Biosafety, Material Safety Data Sheet-Infectious Substances Yellow fever virus, Minister of National Health and Welfare, Canada, September 1996. 

Castanospermine has been shown to be effective against rarer but serious virus infections such as dengue fever, with all four serotypes being affected in vitro and mortality of mice infected with the virus being prevented at doses as low as lOmgkg bodyweight/day. ° On the contrary, it was ineffective against either yellow fever virus or West Nile virus. 

Prevention of gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus serotypes contained in the vaccines Active immunity against yellow fever virus, primarily among travelers to yellow fever endemic areas... 

Yellow fever virus Orthomyxoviruses Paramyxoviruses Measles virus Mumps virus Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) Retroviruses Human T-cell... 

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