Valley fever

Lactide/glycoUde polymers have been investigated for delivery of several other macromolecules. Synthetic double-stranded RNA, poly-isosinic acid/polycytidylic acid, a potent inducer of interferon, was formulated in a 53 47 copolymer of DL-lactide-co-glycoUde. The microspheres were evaluated in mice challenged with Right Valley fever virus. More than 16 days protection was afforded versus only 3 days for controls (137). 

Suggested Alternatives for Differential Diagnosis Foot-and-mouth disease, swine vesicular disease, vesicular exanthema of swine, rinderpest, infectious bovine rhinopneumon-itis, bovine virus diarrhea, malignant catarrhal fever, bluetongue, bovine papular stomatitis, mycotic stomatitis, photosensitization, cowpox, pseudo-cowpox, pseudo-lumpy skin disease, bovine herpes mammillitis, Potomac Valley fever in horses, foot rot, chemical burns, and thermal burns. 

Suggested Alternatives for Differential Diagnosis Acanthamoeba, louse-borne relapsing fever, dengue fever, Rift Valley fever, hemorrhagic fevers, leptospirosis, malaria, typhoid fever, typhus, liver failure, and hepatitis. 

Technical Disease Card for Rift Valley Fever." April 22,2002. 

Rickettsia ruminantium Rickettsia tsutsugamushi Rickettsia typhi Rickettsial Pox Rift Valley Fever Rinderpest Ring Rot of Potatoes Ringbakteriose Kartoffel Riogen... 

Valley fever is a syndrome characterized by erythema nodosum and erythema multiforme of the upper trunk and extremities in association with diffuse joint aches or fever. Valley fever occurs in approximately 25% of infected persons, although, more commonly, a diffuse mild erythroderma or maculopapular rash is observed. 

Rift Valley Fever Africa Mosquito Mosquito, Aerosol, Formites... 

Drugs Available Prophylactic ribavirin may be effective for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Lassa fever, and Rift Valley fever. 

Differential Diagnosis The clinical syndrome in an individual is not pathognomonic (distinctively characteristic of a particular disease or condition) but the occurrence of an epidemic with febrile disease, hemorrhagic fever, eye lesions, and encephalitus in different patients would be characteristics of Riff Valley fever. 

Biological Agents BACTERIA (Anthrax, Brucellosis, Cholera, Plague, Tularemia). VIRUSES (Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, Rift Valley Fever, Smallpox, Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE), Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (Ebola)). TOXINS (Botulinum, Ricin, Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB), Trichothecene Mycotoxins/T-2). 

Rift Valley Fever 1, Aerosol 2, Infected vectors Low High 2-5 days Days to weeks Low Relatively stable Yes Effective No... 

Rift Valley fever Viral fever found primarily in sub-Saharan Africa where it is... 

Viruses (smallpox, encephalitis, and hemorrhagic fevers like Ebola, Lassa and Rift Valley fevers)... 

Rift Valley fever occurs primarily in sub-Saharan Africa where it is transmitted by mosquitoes. If a terrorist were to use Rift Valley fever, it would be dispersed as an aerosol. One troubling thing about a terrorist attack using this virus is that humans and domestic animals can become infected by aerosol means and a resident mosquito population can continue the assault. Defense against Rift Valley fever must include mosquito control. 

Rift Valley fever is characterized by high fever and the development of hemorrhagic areas under the skin. Only a small number of cases (<1%) go on to develop the more serious viral hemorrhagic fever syndrome that causes death in 50% of those who manifest this syndrome. The syndrome is associated with mucosal bleeding or hemorrhaging, liver and kidney failure, and shock before death. Some infections can be complicated with encephalitis and a variety of ocular defects.3... 

Treatments with immune globulin vaccines are useful against Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever, Rift Valley fever, Bolivian hemorrhagic fever, and Lassa fever Yellow fever vaccine is the only established and licensed vaccine for a hemorrhagic fever several others are under development... 

A number of virus diseases and virus related topics are described in this encyclopedia. Check alphabetical index for antiviral drugs, cancer research, cluckenpox, common cold coxsackie virus, dengue (breakbone fever), hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis, influenza, measles, mumps, Norwalk virus, poliomyelitis, rabies. Rift Valley fever, vaccinia, virus diseases (plants), and yellow fever. 

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