Botrytis Gray Mold

Botrytis Gray Mold and superficial scald in pears... 

Especially effective against Botrytis (Gray Mold). ORNALIN stops tlie fungus even after a plant is infected, preventing further plant disfigurement. 

Botrytis cinerea is responsible for gray mold disease in more than 200 host plants. This necrotrophic fungus displays the capacity to kill host cells through the production of toxins and reactive oxygen species and the induction of a plant-produced oxidative burst. Thanks to an arsenal of degrading enzymes, B. cinerea is then able to feed on various plant tissues (Choquer and others 2007). 

Lettuce is the most pest- and disease-prone member of the Asteraceae. Common pests include slugs, cutworm, leaf aphids, and root aphids. Linder cover, downy mildew and gray mold (botrytis) can be a problem, especially in cool, damp conditions. Cultivars with resistance to aphids, downy mildew, and various physiological disorders are available. For more advice and information, see the A-Z of Plant Problems ipp.320-341). 

Space plants 12-18 in (30-45 cm) apart in the row with 30 in (75 cm) between rows. Don t crowd plants a damp atmosphere encourages gray mold (botrytis), which rots the fruit. 

Liu, Z., Zeng, M., Dong, S., Xu, J., Song, H., and Zhao, Y. (2007). Effect of an antifungal peptide from oyster enzymatic hydrolysates for control of gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) on harvested strawberries. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 46, 95-98. 

Li et al., 2006a] organs is often linked to the genetic diversity in resistance to gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) [Sbaghi et al., 1996 Borie et al., 2004] and decay caused by Rhizopus stolonifer [Sarig et al., 1997]. 

Adrian M, Jeandet P, Veneau J, Weston LA, Bessis R. 1997. Biological activity of resveratrol, a stilbenic compound from grapevines, against Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent for gray mold. J Chem Ecol 23 1689-1702. 

Gray mold rot is caused by Botrytis cinerea, which results in a pale brown discoloration and sunken lesions on the tuber surface. At high relative humidities, the surface becomes covered with white mycelium and subsequently with gray-brown spores (Johnson, 1931). The interior of the tubers discolors and softens. The organism can cause serious storage losses even at low temperatures. 

Plant volatiles have been surveyed to find safe and environmentally friendly postharvest fumigants. Hexanal (171), 1-hexanol (172), ( )-2-hexen-l-ol (173), (Z)-6-nonenal (174), ( )-3-nonen-2-one (175), methyl salicylate (176), and methyl benzoate (177) exhibit potential to control the gray mold, Botrytis cinerea 02 (E)-2-hexenal (178), carvacrol (179), ( )-cinnamaldehyde (180), and citral (181) exhibited consistent fungicidal activities against Penicittium expansum, the cause of blue mould of pear.103 ( )-2-hexenal (178), carvacrol (179), and citral (181) were also effective against Monilinia laxa, the cause of brown rot in stone fruit.104... 

Leaves or twigs covered with brownish gray mold. Cause Botrytis blight. An effective control for this fungal disease is to remove and discard blighted foliage as soon as you see it. For more information, see Blossoms covered with brown splotches or brownish gray mold above. 

Other fungal diseases cause swellings on plant parts, such as black knot of plum and cherry, or sunken areas in stems, as with Cytospora canker. On fruit, fungi can cause hard, black patches (scab), soft spots (rot), or fuzzy gray mold (Botrytis rot). 

Prevention and Control Cool temperatures and high humidity promote Botrytis fruit rot. Removing infected fruit, whether living or dead, reduces the spread of the disease. Plants overstimulated with nitrogen fertilizer are most susceptible to gray mold, as are plants around which air cannot circulate to quickly dry leaves, stems, and fruit. 

Diethofencarb is highly toxic to benzimidazole-resistant isolates of B. cinerea, whereas its toxicity to the benzimidazole-sensitive isolates is weak. In contrast, MBC inhibited the growth of wild type isolates at a low concentration but had low toxicity to resistant isolates. In pot tests, diethofencarb was effective for gray mold caused by resistant isolates of Botrytis cinerea, but was not effective for wild type isolates. Diethofencarb has systematic activity in plants and both preventive and curative activity in controlling gray mold. 

Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea). This fungus in certain parts of Europe is a harmful parasite of the vine, injuring seriously leaves, shoots and growing fruit. The only injury of this kind noted in California is in the callousing beds of bench grafts. 

Gray mold (Botrytis cinerea). (After Ravaz.)... 

This phytoalexin helps the plant resist attack by gray mold (Botrytis cinerea). Another possibility is to use a phytoalexin made by a chemical synthesis apart from the plant. Novartis sells a benzothiadiazole (Actigard) that elicits systemic resistance to bacterial and fungal pathogens.189... 

Symptoms If you have ever picked strawberries in moist spring weather, you have probably seen some berries covered with a fuzzy gray or tan mold. When you touch an infected berry, it sends up a small cloud of spores. Other fruits, such as apples, may instead show an internal rot. For information about Botrytis on leaves, see Botrytis Blight on page 373 for Botrytis on flowers, see Botrytis Blight on page 385. 

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