Gray mold

Botrytis cinerea is responsible for gray mold disease in more than 200 host plants. This necrotrophic fungus displays the capacity to kill host cells through the production of toxins and reactive oxygen species and the induction of a plant-produced oxidative burst. Thanks to an arsenal of degrading enzymes, B. cinerea is then able to feed on various plant tissues (Choquer and others 2007). 

Among the determined diseases which might assume prominence at any time are the so-called Buba or cushion gall of Nicaragua (52), several types of soft pod rot, a gray mold that attacks cacao leaves, a black rot of the interior of the pod, and undoubtedly other diseases. In general, it is possible that cacao crop losses due to diseases and pests are greater than those reported by Hale (20). 

Botrytis Gray Mold and superficial scald in pears... 

Lettuce is the most pest- and disease-prone member of the Asteraceae. Common pests include slugs, cutworm, leaf aphids, and root aphids. Linder cover, downy mildew and gray mold (botrytis) can be a problem, especially in cool, damp conditions. Cultivars with resistance to aphids, downy mildew, and various physiological disorders are available. For more advice and information, see the A-Z of Plant Problems ipp.320-341). 

Space plants 12-18 in (30-45 cm) apart in the row with 30 in (75 cm) between rows. Don t crowd plants a damp atmosphere encourages gray mold (botrytis), which rots the fruit. 

What to do Maintain good general hygiene. Remove dead and dying plants, or plant parts, as soon as infection is noticed. Ensure good ventilation around plants. See also Peony blight Lettuce gray mold Onion neck rot... 

Symptoms Onions appear healthy when growing, but become soft after 8-12 weeks in store. Brown sunken lesions and a fluffy gray mold develop in the neck. The upper part of the bulb is soft when pressed, with brownish-black discoloration under the dry outer leaves. The fungus spreads downward through the bulb, which in severe cases may decay completely. 

Symptoms Stems become dark brown at soil level. Gray mold develops on young buds and flowers. Stems wilt and collapse. Flowers may fail to open. 

Liu, Z., Zeng, M., Dong, S., Xu, J., Song, H., and Zhao, Y. (2007). Effect of an antifungal peptide from oyster enzymatic hydrolysates for control of gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) on harvested strawberries. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 46, 95-98. 

Li et al., 2006a] organs is often linked to the genetic diversity in resistance to gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) [Sbaghi et al., 1996 Borie et al., 2004] and decay caused by Rhizopus stolonifer [Sarig et al., 1997]. 

Adrian M, Jeandet P, Veneau J, Weston LA, Bessis R. 1997. Biological activity of resveratrol, a stilbenic compound from grapevines, against Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent for gray mold. J Chem Ecol 23 1689-1702. 

Gray mold rot is caused by Botrytis cinerea, which results in a pale brown discoloration and sunken lesions on the tuber surface. At high relative humidities, the surface becomes covered with white mycelium and subsequently with gray-brown spores (Johnson, 1931). The interior of the tubers discolors and softens. The organism can cause serious storage losses even at low temperatures. 

Plant volatiles have been surveyed to find safe and environmentally friendly postharvest fumigants. Hexanal (171), 1-hexanol (172), ( )-2-hexen-l-ol (173), (Z)-6-nonenal (174), ( )-3-nonen-2-one (175), methyl salicylate (176), and methyl benzoate (177) exhibit potential to control the gray mold, Botrytis cinerea 02 (E)-2-hexenal (178), carvacrol (179), ( )-cinnamaldehyde (180), and citral (181) exhibited consistent fungicidal activities against Penicittium expansum, the cause of blue mould of pear.103 ( )-2-hexenal (178), carvacrol (179), and citral (181) were also effective against Monilinia laxa, the cause of brown rot in stone fruit.104... 

Leaves or twigs covered with brownish gray mold. Cause Botrytis blight. An effective control for this fungal disease is to remove and discard blighted foliage as soon as you see it. For more information, see Blossoms covered with brown splotches or brownish gray mold above. 

Lower leaves covered with tan, fuzzy growth. Cause Gray mold. This fungal disease attacks a wide range of edible and ornamental plants. Pick off and destroy moldy... 

Leaves and stems with spots, gray mold, r yellow slime bulbs decayed growth poor. 

Causes Choanephora blight gray mold. Infected parts may be covered with white or gray growth. Spray plants with compost tea as soon as plants start to bloom and repeat every few weeks to help prevent these fungal diseases, or with sulfur to keep mild infections from spreading. 

Fruit rotted. Causes Gray mold leather mold. Both diseases strike during rainy weather. Fruit that rots rapidly and then turns into fuzzy balls is infected with gray mold. Blossoms infected with gray mold turn brown and die. See page 218 for an illustration of this disease. 

Leather mold causes fruit to turn dark and leathery. Infected fruit is bitter-tasting. To minimize these fungal diseases, thin plants to avoid overcrowding and mulch beds to keep fruit off the soil. Pick and dispose of infected fruit as soon as you notice them. Annual bed renovation helps control gray mold. 

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