Biosensors quartz-crystal microbalance

Mannelli I, Minunni M, Tombelli S, Mascini M (2003) Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) affinity biosensor for genetically modified organisms (GMOs) detection. Biosens Bioelectron 18 129-140... 

The transducers most commonly employed in biosensors are (a) Electrochemical amperometric, potentiometric and impedimetric (b) Optical vibrational (IR, Raman), luminescence (fluorescence, chemiluminescence) (c) Integrated optics (surface plasmon resonance (SPR), interferometery) and (d) Mechanical surface acoustic wave (SAW) and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) [4,12]. 

Ersoz A, Denizli A, Ozcan A, Say R. Molecularly imprinted ligand-exchange recognition assay of glucose by quartz crystal microbalance. Biosensors Bioelectronics 2005, 20, 2197-2202. 

In contrast to SPFS, SPR, and SPDS are tools that can study biomolecular interactions without external labels. They share the same category of label-free biosensors with the reflectometry interference spectroscopy (RIfS) [46], waveguide spectroscopy [47], quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) [48], micro-cantilever sensors [49], etc. Although the label-free sensors cannot compete with SPFS in terms of sensitivity [11], they are however advantageous in avoiding any additional cost/time in labeling the molecules. In particular, the label-free detection concept eliminates undue detrimental effects originating from the labels that may interfere with the fundamental interaction. In this sense, it is worthwhile to develop and improve such sensors as instruments complementary to those ultra-sensitive sensors that require labels. 

Through the combination of SPR with a - poten-tiostat, SPR can be measured in-situ during an electrochemical experiment (electrochemical surface plasmon resonace, ESPR). Respective setups are nowadays commercially available. Voltammetric methods, coupled to SPR, are advantageously utilized for investigations of - conducting polymers, thin film formation under influence of electric fields or potential variation, as well as - electropolymerization, or for development of -> biosensors and - modified electrodes. Further in-situ techniques, successfully used with SPR, include electrochemical - impedance measurements and -+ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance. 

Cooper MA, Singleton VT (2007) A survey of the 2001 to 2005 quartz crystal microbalance biosensor literature applications of acoustic physics to the analysis of biomolecular interactions. J Mol Recognit 20 154—184... 

Shen Z (2007) Nonlabeled quartz crystal microbalance biosensor for bacterial detection using carbohydrate and lectin recognitions. Anal Chem 79 2312-2319... 

O Sullivan, C.K. and Guilbault, G.G. (1999) Commercial quartz crystal microbalances-theory and applications. Biosensors fij Bioelectronics, 14 (8-9), 663-670. 

Key words Biosensor, DNA, Aptamers, Thrombin, Quartz crystal microbalance. 

This chapter deals with the coupling of the thrombin aptamer with quartz crystal microbalance devices for the development of aptamer-based piezoelectric biosensors. 

Patolsky, K, Zayats, M., Katz, E., and Willner, I. (1999) Precipitation of an insoluble product on enzyme monolayer electrodes for biosensor applications Characterization by faradaic impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and microgravimetric quartz crystal microbalance analyses. Anal. Chem. 71, 3171-3180... 

The Quartz Crystal Microbalance and the Electrochemical QCM Applications to Studies of Thin Polymer Films, Electron Transfer Systems, Biological Macromolecules, Biosensors, and Cells... 

They described a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM)-based biosensor for DNA detection by immobilizing single-stranded DNA onto quartz crystals and detecting the mass changes after hybridization. 

Keywords Biosensor Cells Electrochemistry Electron transfer Eilms Polymer Quartz crystal microbalance... 

The book is intended to give a state-of-the-art overview of the recent achievements in the area of piezoelectric sensors. The focus lies on TSM resonators, since this class of piezoelectric devices is most frequently used in physical and chemical sensor and biosensor apphcations, and they are largely commercially available. The book is divided into three parts. The first four chapters cover the physical background of piezoelectric devices. While Ralf Lucklum and Frank Eichelbaum discuss different interface circuits to drive a TSM resonator in the first chapter, Diethelm Johannsmann provides a comprehensive picture of how to treat different load situations of the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) in the second, including rather new development in the area of con-... 

M. Minnunni, M. Mascini, G.G. Guilbaut, B. Hock, The Quartz Crystal Microbalance as Biosensor. A Status Report on its Future , Anal. Lett., 28, 749-764... 

A novel quartz crystal microbalance method has been described, which measures the concentration of the antibiotic chloramphenicol, via antichloramphenicol antibodies, which were covalently coupled to the monolayer on a gold surface [44], While this approach shows some promise, the system described was of low sensitivity, detecting only in the pM range. The development of highly sensitive recombinant antibody fragments to atrazine [45] and their potential for expression in multiple different structural formats [46] will greatly aid the development of rapid biosensors for environmental contaminants in the future. 

A ConA biosensor based on a microgravimetric quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) has been developed in a sandwieh-type experiment, using mannoside-stabilized GNPs as a signal amphfier. The addition of ConA over gold QCM electrode... 

Piezoelectric biosensors are mass-sensitive biosensors which can produce a signal based on the mass of chemicals that interact with the sensing film. Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) sensorsa... 

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