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Biopolymers composite material

Wood is a composite material that is made, up basically of a mixture of three main constituents, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin (see Textbox 54), all of them biopolymers synthesized by the plants, which differ from one another in composition and structure (see Textbox 58). The physical properties of any type of wood are determined by the nature of the tree in which the wood grows, as well as on the environmental conditions in which the tree grows. Some of the properties, such as the density of wood from different types of trees, are extremely variable, as can be appreciated from the values listed in Table 71. No distinctions as to the nature of a wood, whether it is a hardwood or a softwood, for example, can be drawn from the value of its specific gravity. [Pg.319]

The main current products in the field of biopolymers are (a) composite materials for special and high quality performance applications, (b) fashion and comfort/hygiene where their silky feel, breath ability and anti-static characteristics create a value over and above the environmental aspects (e.g., sports wear... [Pg.401]

Data processing in Py-MS evolved in a special manner because the pyrolysis component and MS component are integral parts of a unique technique. This is different from the case of Py-GC and Py-GC/MS where the pyrolysis side can be considered just a convenient way to process the sample for analysis. Py-MS also has specific applications, having been proven to be an excellent tool for comparison of biopolymer samples and composite materials, but less useful for obtaining structural information or for studying the presence of impurities in a polymer. [Pg.161]

Among the commercial bioproducts are biomaterials, fuels and chemicals. Some of the most common biomaterials include soybean oils, inks, pigments and dyes, paints and varnishes, soaps and detergents, industrial adhesives, biopolymers and films, and composite materials. [Pg.176]

Extrusion is a cost effective manufacturing process. Extrusion is popularly used in large scale production of food, plastics and composite materials. Most widely used thermoplastics are processed by extrusion method. Many biopolymers and their composite materials with petroleum-based polymers can also be extruded. These include pectin/starch/poly(vinyl alcohol) (Fishman et al. 2004), poly(lactic acid)/sugar beet pulp (Liu et al. 2005c), and starch/poly(hydroxyl ester ether) (Otey et al. 1980), etc. In this study, composite films of pectin, soybean flour protein and an edible synthetic hydrocolloid, poly(ethylene oxide), were extruded using a twin-screw extruder, palletized and then processed into films by compression molding process or blown film extrusion. The films were analyzed for mechanical and structural properties, as well as antimicrobial activity. [Pg.122]

Recently, WPCs have been used as carriers for biopolymers and microorganisms (Fig. 26.4). Robledo-Ortiz et al. [50] used a composite material of recycled HDPE and agave fibers for bacterial immobilization. According to the results reported, the natural adhesion of Pseudomonas putida FI onto the composite surface is strongly affected by temperature, pH, ionic strength, and initial biomass concentration. Vdzquez et al. [51] coated the same material (agave fibers/HDPE) with chitosan to be applied in heavy-metal adsorption. These studies showed that composite materials represent an attractive low-cost recycled support for bacterial and biopolymers with potential applications in biotechnological and environmental cleanup processes. [Pg.501]

Another step in putting the concept into practice could be made in a development project with the Johnson Controls Interiors company (subsidised by the Ministry of Food, Agriculture, and Forestry of Lower Saxony). The goal of this project was to create a door panelling element with a material made of 100% renewable resources since the goal was an environmentally-friendly means of disposal. In addition to the priority of economic efficiency, the established manufacturing technique was to be used in order to meet the required component specifications. A biopolymer which by then had been developed made it possible for the natural fibre composite material to meet the requirements determined in the specifications sheet. [Pg.33]

FT-IR) spectrometry may be used routinely for the analysis of samples such as synthetic polymers, biopolymers, composites, and complex industrial materials. [Pg.2]

Thomas S, Durand D, Chassenieux C, Jyotishkumar P (2013) Handbook of biopolymer-based materials limn blends and composites to gels and complex networks. Wiley, New York, 988p... [Pg.199]

Part 3 of the Handbook, the domain of materials engineering, contains six chapters. Three deal with classes of biomaterials—biopolymers, composite biomaterials, and bioceramics—and three deal with using biomaterials, in cardiovascular and orthopedic applications, and to promote tissue regeneration. [Pg.8]

Biocomposites usefulness is no longer in question and more and more reports are focused on applicative aspects in the environment, packaging, agriculture devices, biomedical fields, etc. Moreover, because industrials were concerned about sustainable developments and a controlled end of life, production cost of biopolymers goes on decreasing which will allow strong developments of biopolymer-based materials. Therefore, these materials will be technically and financially competitive towards synthetic polymer-based composites. Then, this class of material opens a new dimension for plastic industry for a better sustainable development. [Pg.474]

Huang J, Ichinose I, Kunitake T (2005b) Nanocoating of natural cellulose fibers with conjugated polymer hierarchical polypyrrole composite materials. Chem Commun 13 1717-1719 Kaplan DL (1998) Introduction to biopolymers and renewable resources. In Kaplan DL (ed) Biopolymers from renewable resources. Springer, Berlin Kumar AP, Depan D, Tomer NS et al (2009) Nanoscale particles for polymer degradation and stabilization-trends and future perspectives. Prog Polym Sci 34 479-515 Lindblad MS, Liu Y, Albertsson A-C et al (2002) Polymers from renewable resources. Adv Polym Sci 157 139-161... [Pg.533]

High performance composite materials can be obtained with a good level of dispersion, mainly when the hierarchical structure of cellulose and use of a water soluble polymer to form the matrix are considered. For most materials applications, the main biopolymers of interest are cellixlose and starch. The ease of adhesion that occurs in cellulose has contributed to its use in paper and other fiber-based composite materials. [Pg.129]

A composite material is a two-phase or multiphase compact material with its components (phases) separated by interfaces which can be formed naturally or be manmade. One of the composite material phases is the matrix (phase I). It exists in the solid (crystalline or amorphous) state of aggregation. Within the matrix, particles are distributed discretely. This is phase II or disperse phase [23]. Biocomposites are composite materials made from natural fiber and petroleum-derived nonbiodegradable polymers like PP, PE, and epoxies or biopolymers like poly lactic acid (PLA), cellulose esters. Composite materials derived from biopolymer and synthetic fibers such as glass and carbon come under biocomposites. Biocomposites derived from plant-derived fiber (natural/biofi-ber) and crop/bioderived plastics (biopolymer/bioplastic) are likely more ecofriendly, and such biocomposites are sometimes termed green composites [24]. [Pg.483]


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