Biomedical research drug development

This is the assumption that, because other mammals are similar to humans in many respects, they are always the best models to use in fundamental biomedical research, drug development, and toxicity testing, where humans are the focus of concern. This warning has been largely ignored. 

The Prous Institute for Biomedical Research is developing a computational method based on a wide range of molecular descriptors and binding profiles, called BioEpisteme , which is claimed to facilitate the discovery of new medicines and new uses for existing drugs. Pre-requisites of the BioEpisteme approach are quite close to the PASS concept A drug may interact with multiple targets and produce more than one therapeutic response and/or... 

The data and information about an individual drug developed through Phase I, II, and III studies are extremely important to the medical community. For many drugs Phase I, II, and III data may be all, or nearly all, that is available about the clinical use of the drug at the time the product is marketed. During the time the product is in Phase I, Phase II, and Phase III, some of the compound s product and clinical data may be presented at professional meetings, published in preliminary reports, or otherwise made available to the scientific and business communities. However, it is not uncommon for a drug to be approved by FDA without the presence of its clinical research in the published biomedical literature. 

Few topics in biomedical research elicit the emotional response and frequent overreaction as does the subject of the use of live animals in the drug discovery and development process. In recent years, a worldwide movement of highly motivated activists has adopted, as one of its causes, the prohibition of the use of intact animals in research. Common arguments put forward to support this philosophy include ... 

The need for animal models of human disease to search for new therapeutic agents is also mandatory to be able to move forward with new drug discovery and development. Computers are widely used in biomedical research today, as are isolated tissues, animal... 

Although I have mentioned other barriers and problems in drug development and some of the reasons for them, FDA thinks there might be one underlying problem that is addressable now, that does not require waiting decades for basic biomedical science to become truly predictive. We believe that societal investment in the research and development... 

Bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics has become a serious problem in infection control, and has led to intensive research efforts to develop an effective novel antimicrobial agent. Antimicrobial peptides have already played a crucial role in pharmaceutical research as biomedically useful agents or as lead compounds for drug development. More specifically, cyclic peptides have shown some potential as a possible new class of... 

Since its inception about 15 year ago, MALDI-IMS has been developed into a powerful and versatile tool for biomedical research. It allows for the investigation of the spatial distribution of molecules at complex surfaces. The combination of molecular speciation with local analysis makes a chemical microscope that can be used for the direct biomolecular characterization of histological tissue section surface. However, successful detection of the analytes of interest at the desired spatial resolution requires careful attention to several steps in the IMS protocol matrix selection, matrix coating, data acquisition, and data processing. MALDI-IMS is increasingly playing an important role in the drug discovery and development and disease treatment. 

Ekins S, Hohman M, Bunin BA (2011) Pioneering use of the cloud for development of the collaborative drug discovery (CDD) database. In Ekins S, Hupcey MAZ, Williams AJ (eds) Collaborative computational technologies for biomedical research. Wiley Hoboken, NJ... 

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