Research pharmaceutical

A use of IMS within the pharmaceutical industry, for which ultratrace detection limits were combined with known analytes in a minimal matrix, was the verification of cleanliness in production lines scheduled for change to the manufacture of new formulations. The rapid analysis of samples, made on site, should have led to widespread adoption of this method. 

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A challenging task in material science as well as in pharmaceutical research is to custom tailor a compound s properties. George S. Hammond stated that the most fundamental and lasting objective of synthesis is not production of new compounds, but production of properties (Norris Award Lecture, 1968). The molecular structure of an organic or inorganic compound determines its properties. Nevertheless, methods for the direct prediction of a compound s properties based on its molecular structure are usually not available (Figure 8-1). Therefore, the establishment of Quantitative Structure-Property Relationships (QSPRs) and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSARs) uses an indirect approach in order to tackle this problem. In the first step, numerical descriptors encoding information about the molecular structure are calculated for a set of compounds. Secondly, statistical and artificial neural network models are used to predict the property or activity of interest based on these descriptors or a suitable subset. 

In science in general, and in chemistry and in pharmaceutical research in particular, huge amounts of data are produced. The intrinsic information in these data is often difficult to grasp. In many cases, not only are the data themselves interesting, but the intrinsic relationships among the data are of particular interest. 

At the time, I was so fascinated by the potential of our organofluorine compound-based pharmaceutical research that, to learn more about... 

The number of known cytokines, as well as the diversity of biological functions, have led to a very complex and often confusing picture of the immunologic and nonimmunologic processes involved. The role of cytokiaes in local or systemic homeostatic mechanisms related to physiological functions may be utilized therapeutically for treatment of cancer and a variety of other diseases (2). Pharmaceutical research and development efforts surrounding lL-1 are typical examples of the cytokine inhibition approach to chronic inflammation research (2). 

Several national organizations serve the professional needs of U.S. pharmacists. These reflect the practice milieu of members, eg, independent community pharmacies, chain dmg stores, and hospitals. The American Pharmaceutical Association (APhA), founded in 1852, is composed of the Academy of Pharmaceutical Research and Science, Academy of Pharmaceutical Practice and Management, and the Academy of Students of Pharmacy. Other organizations include the American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacists (ASHP), National Association of Chain Dmg Stores (NACDS), and National Association of Retail Dmggists (NARD). 

Neiv DrugApprovals in 1994, Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, Washington, D.C., 1995. 

Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute... 

School of Pharmacy, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran e-mail ghannadi pharm. mui. ac. ir Faculty of Sciences, Mentouri-Constantine University,... 

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy,... 

This work summarizes practical information available from the work of hundreds of pharmaceutical research laboratories and of thousands of chemists in those laboratories in developing thousands of commercial products. 

Molecular mechanics calculations have proved to be enormously useful in pharmaceutical research, where the complementary fit between a drug molecule and a receptor molecule in the body is often a key to designing new pharmaceutical agents (Figure 4.18). 

Traugott Sandmeyer (1854-1922) was born in Wettingen. Switzerland, and received his Ph.D. at the University of Heidelberg. He spent his professional career doing pharmaceutical research at the Geigy Company in Basel,... 

Char-Chang Shieh, Murali Gopalakrishnan Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott, Park, IL, USA... 

Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC, Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, spring House, PA 19477-0776. 

Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 14 Chemin des Aulx,... 

In the frame of a medicinal project at J J Pharmaceutical Research and Development aimed at designing new potent and selective glycogen synthase kinase-3/i (GSK-3/3) inhibitors, the C-3 derivatization of the 1-methyl-4-[l-alkyl-lff-indol-3-yl]-lff-pyrrole-2,5-dione scaffold was explored [31]. Microwave-assisted Stille reaction of 3-chloro-l-methyl-4-[l-alkyl-lff-indol-3-yl]-lH-pyrrole-2,5-diones with (2,4-dimethoxy-5-pyrimidinyl)(tributyl) stannane at 200 °C yielded in 6 min the desired 3,4-diaryl-lff-pyrrole-2,5-diones in moderate yields (Scheme 12). 

Researchers at the Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute in Wallingford investigated the use of microwave irradiation for the rapid... 

The 2(lH)-pyrazinone system has received increased interest in the past two decades by both synthetic and biological research, due to its presence in a variety of natural and non-natural products as well as pharmacologically active compounds. The easy and diverse methods for the generation of this versatile scaffold make it a prime choice for the current pharmaceutical research hke thrombin inhibitors, substance P antagonists, etc. The rich 1,4-azadiene... 

Knoll Pharmaceuticals, Research Department, Nottingham, England... 

Today, computers are so ubiquitous in pharmaceutical research and development that it may be hard to imagine a time when there were no computers to assist the medicinal chemist or biologist. A quarter-century ago, the notion of a computer on the desk of every scientist and company manager was not even contemplated. Now, computers are absolutely essential for generating, managing, and transmitting information. The aim of this chapter is to give a... 

Computer Applications in Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Edited by Sean Ekins. ISBN 0-471-73779-8 Copyright 2006 John Wiley Sons, Inc. 

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