Organic compounds basic

In addition to the Hquid—Hquid reaction processes, there are many cases in both analytical and industrial chemistry where the main objective of separation is achieved by extraction using a chemical extractant. The technique of dissociation extraction is very valuable for separating mixtures of weakly acidic or basic organic compounds such as 2,4-dichlorophenol [120-83-2] and 2,5-dichlorophenol [583-78-8] which are difficult to separate by... 

Karasek et al. [1] determined hydrocarbons in benzene water extracts (pH7) of soil and in incinerator or fly ash by a variety of techniques including gas chromatography with flame ionization, electron capture and mass spectrometric detectors. Benzene water extractants were adjusted to pH4, 7 and 10 before the extraction in order to selectively extract various types of acidic and basic organic compounds in addition to hydrocarbons. 

Kido et al. [6] determined basic organic compounds such as quinoline, acridine, aza-fluorene, and their N-oxides in marine sediments found in an industrial area. The sediments were extracted with benzene by using a continuous extractor for 12h. Hydrochloric acid solution (IN) was added to the benzene extracts, and the mixture was shaken for 5min the acid layer separated from the benzene layer was made alkaline by the addition of sodium hydroxide, and the alkaline aqueous solution was extracted with diethyl ether the ether extracts were then dehydrated with anhydrous sodium sulphate and concentrated with a Kuderna-Danish evaporator. The concentrations were separated and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. 

B. B. Brodie, The estimation of basic organic compounds in biological material, J. Biol. Chem., 765 299 (1947). 

Acid catalysts such as zeolites can be readily poisoned by basic organic compounds. One of the earlier studies of the deactivation of silica-alumina cracking catalysts by organic nitrogen compounds such as quinoline, quinaldine, pyrrole, piperidine, decylamine and aniline was done by Mills et al (6). The results of their partial poisoning studies showed an exponential dependence of the catalyst activity for cumene cracking reaction or... 

The representation of chemical systems on the basis of parametrised potential functions is by no means trivial and endless efforts have been devoted to balance and refine the employed parameters and functions yielding a considerable number of force fields along with various different parameter sets. These parameter sets are aimed at distinct classes of chemical systems, basically organic compounds, nucleic acids or proteins, whereas the treatment of compounds involving metal atoms is more difficult. 

Two basic organic compounds that are fairly similar in size and structure exhibit two different pKa values, 1.5 and 6.5. Which of the compounds would adsorb more at circumneutral pH by clay minerals ... 

Brpnsted theory, 23 Definition of Kb, 38 Lewis theory, 24 HSAB theory, 12 Base saturation (%), 163 Basic organic compounds, 356 Bicarbonate, 30-33 Biotite, 104, 108 Boltzmann equation, 143 Bonding, 6-12 Covalent, 7 Ionic, 7 Boron, 127 Buffer capacity, 86... 

Stilbenes are an important class of compounds with a broad range of applications in basic and applied research [321]. The isoelectronic ( )-stilbene 105 and ( )-azobenzene 106 belong to the basic organic compounds of which radical anions were first investigated by EPR 30 years ago [322], and since then repeatedly studied by EPR and ENDOR techniques [323]. Radical anions of 107 and 108 are not persistent because they rapidly isomerize to 105 and 106 respectively. Nevertheless, 107 could be characterized by hyperfine data under specific conditions [324], whereas its azo counterpart 108 has hitherto escaped detection by EPR. 

Non-chlorine methods that are based on obtaining basic organic compounds of silicon fr om artificial amorphous silica have many stages and are ineffective, as they use the silica obtained by hydrolysis of tetraalkoxysilane or silicon tetrachloride. So it became necessary to find methods of SOC synthesis based on natural amorphous silica. Such methods are currently being developed by some authors [1-3]. 

The effect of the amount of melamine on the flame retardance of the resulting foams was studied in detail by Shell (131) and Dow Chemical (133). A combined use of ammonium sulfate and aluminum hydroxide was proposed by Toyo Rubber Chemical Industries Corp. (136). Recently, blends of ammonium sulfate and weakly basic organic compounds, e.g., sodium carboxylates, were patented (158, 165). 

See page 963 in Appendix E for Modeling Basic Organic Compounds... 

Vernadsky and Teilhard de Chardin constructed different concepts of the noosphere and biosphere according to their purposes by interpreting the empirical facts in favour of their theoretical demands. This is clearly shown by their interpretation, of molecular dissymmetry. In 1848, L. Pasteur discovered a phenomenon that he later defined as molecular dissymmetry". He discovered that some of the basic organic compounds found in living matter (crystals) are structurally different from those usually found in the inert envirorunent. Although there are two possible isomers of these organismal compounds which could theoretically exist, one finds pure steric compounds in the... 

It has been shown that organofunctionalized silica surfaces further modified with in situ synthesized copper complexes can be used to produce new stationary phases for HPLC [4]. The immobilized copper complexes provide new sites in the stationary phase that can interact strongly with basic organic compounds. A test mixture of compounds such as benzene, toluene, naphthalene, anthracene, pyrene, and nitrobenzene shows that the presence of copper ion complexes on the modified surface strongly affects the retention factor (fe) of the stationary phases. 

Basic organic compounds can be addressed using a simple nomenclature system (SNS). In particular, for basic industrial chemicals standardized abbreviations can be established. In certain cases, these abbreviations are still shorter than the molecular formula. 

Method 8270 can be used to quantitate most neutral, acidic or basic organic compounds that are soluble in methylene chloride and capable of being eluted, without derivatization, as sharp peaks from a gas chromatographic fused-silica capillary column coated with a... 

Alkaline catalysts n. Hydroxides of sodium, potassium, lithium, and ammonium, or salts derived from these metallic radicals, which exhibit alkaline characteristics. Gaseous ammonia can also be used, as well as a number of basic organic compounds. The most important reactions in which alkaline catalysts are involved are in the condensation of phenols with formaldehyde, the condensation of urea with formaldehyde, and in the isomerization of drying oils. 

Chromatography of basic organic compounds on hydroxylic surfaces ... 

TABLE 3—Basic organic compound groups for crude oils. 

Acids also dissolve basic organic compounds such as amines and aniline. Chelating agents, such as dissolved ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA, HY ), dissolve insoluble metal salts by forming soluble species with metal ions ... 

Organic hydrochlorides. A number of basic organic compounds are available as the reaction products with hydrochloric acid. 

Abe, Y Tsuchida, T. Omura, H. Thermal recording materials containing tetrazolium leuco dyes, reducing agents, and salts of basic organic compounds. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho. JP 04270684, 1992 Chem. Abstr. 1993, 118, 158046. 

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